1. atom (17.0) â The smallest particle of an element that can be identified with that element. Consists of protons and neutrons in a nucleus surroun...
Physics Chapter 17 Vocabulary 1. atom (17.0) – The smallest particle of an element that can be identified with that element. Consists of protons and neutrons in a nucleus surrounded by electrons. 2. atomic number (17.7) – Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. 3. Brownian motion (17.4) – Random movement observed among microscopic particles suspended in a fluid medium. 4. chemical formula (17.6) – A description that uses numbers and symbols of elements to describe the proportions of elements in a compound or reaction. 5. compound (17.6) – A chemical substance made of atoms of two or more different elements combined in a fixed proportion. 6. element (17.1) – A substance made of only one kind of atom. Examples of elements are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. 7. group (17.8) – Elements in the same column of the periodic table. 8. ion (17.8) – An atom (or group of atoms bound together) with a net electric charge, which is due to the loss or gain of electrons. 9. isotope (17.7) – A form of an element having a particular number of neutrons in the nuclei of its atoms. Different isotopes of a particular element have the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers. 10. molecule (17.5) – Two or more atoms of the same or different elements bonded to form a larger particle. 11. neutron (17.7) – a nucleon in an electrically neutral state. 12. nucleon (17.7) – the principal building blocks of the nucleus (neutrons and protons). Nucleons are made up of still smaller particles called quarks (ch 39). 13. nucleus (17.7) – the dense central region of an atom, containing nearly all of the mass of the atom. 14. periodic table (17.8) – a chart listing atoms by their atomic number and electron arrangement. 15. plasma (17.9) – matter consisting of positive ions and free electrons. The electrons have been stripped from their atoms because they are so hot. 16. proton (17.7) – nucleons in an electrically charged state (positive).
17. shell model of the atom (17.8) – atomic model to explain how different elements interact to form compounds. Electrons are depicted as orbiting in spherical shells orbiting the nucleus.
