Identify each immune response as either specific defense (S) or non-specific defense (N). 19. macrophage display antigen âbadgeâ. 20. phagocytes c...
memory T cells patrol body to quickly kill future infections
24.
antibodies mark antigen & neutralize pathogen
25.
histamine release causes an increase of blood at injury site
26.
mucus traps any foreign material from entering nasal cavity
27.
cytokines signal B & T cell production
28.
plasma B cells are cloned
29.
cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill infected cells
30.
fever slows the spread of pathogen
Identify each immune response as either humoral (H) or cellular (C). 31.
release of histamine causes itching & sneezing
32.
macrophage finds the matching helper T cell to its antigen badge
33.
memory B cells
34.
cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill infected cells
35.
pathogen is neutralized
36.
plasma B cells are cloned
37.
antibodies mark antigen
38.
cytokines signal B & T cell production
Use this word bank to fill in the blanks in the following paragraphs. allergy cellular inflammatory antibodies chemical lymphocytes humoral cytokines macrophage cytotoxic T lymphocytes antigen macrophages antigen fever memory B cell helper T natural killer cells B cells histamine neutralize bacteria infection
non-specific pathogen physical plasma B specific vaccine viruses white blood
A disease-causing agent known as a(n) 1.__________ invades your body and causes a(n) 2.____________. Your body has three lines of defense. The first line are the 3._________ barriers such as skin, hair and mucus, and the 4.____________ barriers such as sweat and tears, all of which keep germs from entering your body. These defenses are considered 5._________________because they do not distinguish one invader from another. Your body’s second line of defense includes non-specific 6.___________ cells, also called 7.___________, that attack the invaders. The cells that attack by eating the germs are called 8.______________ . The cells that destroy the infected cells are called 9.________________. The second line also includes the 10.____________ response, which releases chemical signals called 11.____________. This causes redness, swelling, and pain at the injury site. If the invader spreads throughout your blood, your body reacts by creating a(n) 12.__________, which stops it from growing by denaturing its proteins with heat. The third line of defense is considered 13.____________ because it is customized. This includes the 14.______________ immune response that involve the B cells, whose job is to stop 15._____________ and 16.________ from spreading. A 17.__________ is triggered to divide and clone 18._____________ cells when it recognizes the germ by it’s surface protein, the 19. ___________. These cells, in turn, produce large numbers of 20._____________ that get released throughout the body to 21.________________ the invaders. The 22.______________ immune response involves the T cells and relies on the 23._____________ cell to recognize the 24.___________ that is worn on the surface of the 25.________________ that has captured an invader. This triggers the release of a chemical called 26.____________ , which signals the 27._____________ to immobilize the invaders and the 28._________________________________ to kill the body’s infected cells. Once the body has gotten rid of the germs, 29.______________ cells patrol the body which allows it to have resistance to that particular germ if it should meet up with it again. Humans use this knowledge to build immunity against some diseases by injecting themselves with dead or weakened microbes called a(n) 30._______________. Sometimes, the body can develop a(n) 31._______________ when it makes the wrong antibodies and ends up with a hypersensitive response.
