Nombre: ________________________________________
Fecha: ______________________
Escuela: ________________________________________
Hora: _______________________
WORKSHEET – INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS A. Fill in the blank with the correct indirect object pronoun. Modelo: Ustedes __le____ dan el libro a Paco. 1. ________ gusta mucho el baloncesto a Ana. 2. Yo ________ escribí una carta a mis tíos. 3. ¿No ________ gustan a ti las papas fritas? 4. A nosotros no ________ interesa el tenis. 5. El profesor ________ da el examen a los alumnos. 6. El hombre ________ vende el carro a mi padre. 7. Daniel ________ compró un regalo a Cristina. 8. ________ gusta mucho el chocolate a las muchachas. 9. Sergio ________ dio la invitación a ellas. 10. ¿Tú ________ das el dinero al Sr. Pérez? B. Answer the following questions using the correct indirect object pronoun. Modelo: ¿Te duelen los pies?
Sí, __me___ duelen los pies.
11. ¿Le gusta a Ud. la comida china?
Sí, ________ gusta la comida china.
12. ¿Les da el profesor un examen a los alumnos?
Sí, ________ da un examen.
13. ¿A Uds. les interesan los deportes?
Sí, ________ gustan los deportes.
14. Paquita, ¿me das dinero para la Navidad?
Sí, ________ doy dinero.
15. ¿Te duele la cabeza?
Sí, ________ duele mucho.
16. ¿Qué te duele?
________ duelen los brazos.
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Nombre: ________________________________________
Fecha: ______________________
Escuela: ________________________________________
Hora: _______________________
WORKSHEET – INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS A. Fill in the blank with the correct indirect object pronoun. Modelo: Ustedes __le____ dan el libro a Paco. 1. ________ gusta mucho el baloncesto a Ana. 2. Yo ________ escribí una carta a mis tíos. 3. ¿No ________ gustan a ti las papas fritas? 4. A nosotros no ________ interesa el tenis. 5. El profesor ________ da el examen a los alumnos. 6. El hombre ________ vende el carro a mi padre. 7. Daniel ________ compró un regalo a Cristina. 8. ________ gusta mucho el chocolate a las muchachas. 9. Sergio ________ dio la invitación a ellas. 10. ¿Tú ________ das el dinero al Sr. Pérez? B. Answer the following questions using the correct indirect object pronoun. Modelo: ¿Te duelen los pies?
Sí, __me___ duelen los pies.
11. ¿Le gusta a Ud. la comida china?
Sí, ________ gusta la comida china.
12. ¿Les da el profesor un examen a los alumnos?
Sí, ________ da un examen.
13. ¿A Uds. les interesan los deportes?
Sí, ________ gustan los deportes.
14. Paquita, ¿me das dinero para la Navidad?
Sí, ________ doy dinero.
15. ¿Te duele la cabeza?
Sí, ________ duele mucho.
16. ¿Qué te duele?
________ duelen los brazos.
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D rect and Indirect
Object Pronouns
EQUIVALENTS: me. you, him, her, it, us. them
The direct object answers the question What?or Whom?with regard to the verb in a sentence or clause. Consider the sentence, ’3ohn has the book." What does John have? He has the book; thus, the book is the direct object. The direct object pronoun it can therefore replace the direct object noun in the sentence, ’~John has it." In the sentence, ’~John sees Mary," one can ask, "Whom does John see?"John sees Mary; thus, Mary is the direct object. The direct object pronoun her carl replace Mary in the sentence, ’~ohn sees her."
Singular
Plural
me (me) te (you) lo/la (him/her; you; it)
nos (us) os (you) los/las (them; you)
Placement in Affirmative Sentences In an affirmative statement (or clause) with one verb, the direct object pronoun will immediately precede the conjugated verb. examples:
56
5(0 te conozco. I know you.
Lo vemos. We see him.
Tfi me areas. You love me.
La ten~is. You have it.
Ella los compra, She buys them.
Ustedes lo quierem You want it.
Direct Object Pronouns
1-9-1 Fill in each blank with the approptiate direct object pronoun.
dene,
1. Juan tiene el libro. 2. Ellos yen a Maria.
Ellos
yen.
3. Yo conozco aJorge y a Felipe.
Yo
4. Juanita conoce Espafia.
Juanita
5. Tfi lavas la ropa.
Tfi
lavas.
6. Tfi compras los huevos.
TO
compras.
7. Ustedes beben la teche.
Ustedes
conozco,
beben.
Yo no veo los libros.
Yo no
9. Ellas denen el dinero.
Ellas _
10. Vosotros comprend~is el ejercicio.
Vosotros
11, Marta lleva el vestido a la fiesta.
Marta
12. Yo uso la computadora cada dia.
Yo
13. Alejandro vende los zapatos.
Alejandro
veo.
tienen. comprend~is. lleva a la fiesta. uso cada dla. vende. toma.
Ella toma las vitaminas.
Ella
Nosotros miramos la televisi6n.
Nosotros
_ miramos.
I-9-2 ] 1. I love you.
7. I drink it (m.).
2. I love him.
8. I have it (f).
3. He loves me.
9. You (s.,fam.) have it (m.).
4. I seeyou (s.,fam.).
10. She has them (m.).
5. I know you (s., formal).
11. You love me.
6. She sees him.
12. I love her.
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Spanish Pronouns and Prepositions
13. They love us.
17. They eat it (f).
14, You (s.,fam,) see me.
18. I want it (m.).
15. You (pl., faro.) know me.
19. We want it (f).
16. We see her.
20. We have them (f).
Answer the following questions using" a direct object pronoun. Answer questions 4-15 in the affirmative. 1. ~D6nde compras la ropa? 2. ~D6nde compras los libros? 3. dD6nde esmdias espafiol? 4. ~Conoces al Presidente de los Estados Unidos? 5. ~Tomas un caf~ cada dia? 6. ~Comprendes esta lecci6n? 7. ~Lees la re-vista Teenbeat? 8. dLees el peri6dico cada dia? 9. ~Haces la cama cada dla? 10. dConoces la capital de Espafia? 11. ~Ves las estrellas ahora? 12. ~Comes rancho pan? 13. dMiras las telenovelas (soap operas)? 14, ~Lees poemas romfmticos a menudo? Hacement in Negative Sentences In a negative sentence (or clause) with one verb, the direct object pronoun is placed between the word no (or other term of negation) and the conjugated verb. examples: ¥o no lo sfi. I don’t know it,
No lo conocemos. We don’t l¢Imw him,
Direct Object Pronouns No los compras. You don’t buy them.
Nunca lo estudi~iis. You never study it.
I~l no nos ve jam~. He never sees us.
Ellos no me odian. They don’t hate me.
~ I-9-4 Unless otherwise indicated, you = second-person sinffula~: 1. I don’t have it (m.). 2. She doesn’t see it (f). 3. I don’t know him. 4. You don’t know me. 5. They don’t buy it (f). 6. He doesn’t write it (m.). 7. They don’t read them (m.). 8. She doesn’t earn it (m.).. 9. I don’t wear it (m.). 10. We don’t see you. .... i1: You don’t have it (f). ]2. They don’t see it (m.). 13. He doesn’t know me. 14. They don’t know us. 15. We don’t use it (m.). 16. She doesn’t read it (m.). 17. We don’t sing them (f). 18. You (pl., formal) don’t have it (m.). 19. You never wear them (m.). 20. You never see us.
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60
Spanish Pronouns and Prepositions
Placement in Affirmative Sentences with Two Verbs In a statement (or clause) that contains two verbs--the first verb is conjugated and the second one remains in the infinitive form--you have two options: 1. Place the direct object pronoun immediately before the first verb (conjugated). 2. Attach the direct object pronoun directly to the second verb (infinitive). Note: Both options are used in wrifmg and in conversation; however, the second option is used more frequendy. examples: Te quiero vet. / Quiero verte. I want to see you.
Lo queremos comprar. / Queremos comprarlo. We want to buy it.
Lo puedes beber. / Puedes beberlo. You can drink it.
La pod~is come1: / Pod$is comerla. You can eat it.
1~1 nos debe visitar. / 1~1 debe visltarnos. He should visit us.
Ellos lo deben ver. Ellos deben verlo. They should see it.
1-9-5 Fill in the blank with the direct object pronoun attached to the infinitive. 1. Yo necesito lavar la ropa. Yo necesito 2. Tfi quieres comer la pizza. Tfi quieres 3. Ella tiene que escribir el informe. Ella tiene que 4. Debemos limpiar la casa. Debemos 5. E1 pianista pnede tocar las canciones. E1 pianista pnede 6. Ellos pueden bailar el tango. Ellos pueden 7. Quiero construir los edificios aqul. Quiero
aqm.
8. E1 gato puede vet el rat6n (mouse). E1 gato puede 9. Ella quiere conocer a tu madre. Ella quiere 10. Prefiero olr la verdad. Prefiero 11. E1 profesor quiere ver a tu padre ahora. E1 profesor quiere
ahora,
12. La cocinera va a preparar las tortillas. La cocinera va a 13. Nadie puede oir la mOsica ahora. Nadie puede
ahora.
Direct Object Pronouns
61
14. Ellos quieren conocer a mis hermanos. Ellos quieren 15. Queremos visitar el museo. Queremos
I-9-6 For items 1-5, place the direct oO’ect pronoun before the conjugated verb. For items 6-10, attach the direct oO)ct pronoun to the infinitive. 1. He wants to see me.
2. She wants to kiss him. 3. You (s.,fam.) should eat them (m.). 4. They have to do it (f). 5. We want to meet them (f). 6. She has to sing it (f). 7. I should read it (m.). 8. I want to see you (s., faro.) tomorrow. 9. They need to have it (m.) by (para) tomorrow. 10. Juan can see us. Placement in Questions and Negative Sentences with Two Verbs For questions and/or negative statements with two verbs, the direct object pronoun can be placed before the conjugated verb or attached directly to the infmitive. examples: No tengo que leerlo. / No 1o tengo que leen I don’t have to read it. No queremos hacerlo. / No lo queremos hacer. We don’t want to do it. dTienes que estudiado conmigo? / dLo tienes que estudiar conmigo? Do you have to study it with me? dPod$is soportarlo? / dLo pod$is soportar? Can you stand it? Usted no debe ponerlo aquf. You shouldn’t put it here.
dPiensan en vender!o? Are you thinking of selling" it ?
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Spanish Pronotms and Prepositions I-9-7 l
For this exercise, attach the direct object pronoun to the infinitive form. Unless otherwise indicated, you = secondperson singular. 1. Do you want to see it (f) with me? 2. Are you going to eat it (m.)? 3. Should we drink it (f) now, or should we put it in the refrigerator?
4. Can we eat it (m.), or should we throw it into (a) the garbage?
5. You shouldn’t put them (m.) in the living room. 6. If you don’t want to have it (f), you should put it in the box and return (devolver) it.
7. I can’t wear them (m.) to a formal party. 8. ~y can’t you see me? 9. You don’t have to do it (m.) today. 10. Do you want to open them (f) in the morning and close them in the evening?
For this exercise, place the direct obj~ct pronoun before the conjugated verb. Unless otherwise indicated, you = second~erson singular. 1. I don’t want to see you (m., pl.,formal) tonight. 2. You shouldn’t return (devolver) it (f). 3. Why can’t you say it (ra.)? 4. We are not going to see her at (en) the library.. 5. She can’t throw them (f) in (a) the garbage. 6. When can I see them (f)?
Direct Obiect Pronouns 7. If you don’t want to hear it (m.), you can turn off (apagar) the radio.
8. Where do you want to store (g~zardar) them (m.)? Can we put them here?
9. Are you (pl.,formal) going to sell it (f)? 10. No, you cannot hit (golpear) him!
I know that Marcos has my money, my shoes, and the table and chairs for my dining room. He thinks (believes) that I don’t know this, but, yes, I know it. First, the money. 1 know that he has it because I can see it in that drawer (over there). Second, the shoes. I need them because if I don’t wear them, 1 can’t run fast or (ni) jump well. Third, the table. I don’t know why (pot qug) he has it or (ni) why he wants it. I want to put it in my new house. He believes that the chairs are his, but it’s not true. They are mine. And I want them now.
dining room drawer first (to) jump
el comedor la gaveta primero saltar
now second third true
ahora segundo tercero verdad
FU~n2TION: Rep!ace the e(s) of the hdirect object(s) of the yerb in a sentence oi" clause SPANISH PLACEMENT: knmediatelv before the conjugated ~erb or attached directly to the infim’tive ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS: you, ~, her. it. us, them
The indirect object answers the question To or for whom? or To or for what?with regard to the verb in a sentence or clause. Another way of looking at it is to say that the indirect object tells us where the direct object is going. Consider the sentence, "I give you the gift (I give the gift toyou)." The direct object is the gift, because this answers the question What (do I give) ? The indirect object, then, is you because I am giving it (the gift) to you. You is where the gift is going. In the sentence "He buys me flowers (He buys flowersforme)," the direct object is flowers (because that is what he buys), and the indirect object is me because I am the one for whom he buys the flowers.
The indirect object pronouns in Spanish are as follows:
Singular
Plural
me (me) te (you) le (him; her; you; it)
nos (us) os (you) les (them; you)
In a sentence with an indirect object, there is always a direct object, either stated or implied. In the sentence "My grandmother writes me every week," me is the indirect object because my grandmother is wridng something (a note, a letter, a postcard, an e-mail message) to me. The direct object is understood.
64
Indh’ect Object Pronouns 1-10-1 In the following sentences, identify the direct object and the indirect object, Note that some direct objects are understood; please identify them.
Direct Object
Indirect Object
1. John tells me a story. 2. She buys him nothing. 3. They send us food. 4. The chef cooks us a meal. 5. The cannibal cooks us for his friends. 6. He tells you. 7. I bought you a ring. 8. He buys drinks for everyone. 9. You write me every week. 10. They sold the diamonds to her.
Placement in Affirmative Sentences In an affirmative statement (or clause) with one verb, the indirect object pronoun will immediately precede the conjugated verb. Note that each of the following examples has two possible English translations. English allows for two ways to express the indirect object: (a) between the verb and the direct object and (b) in a prepositional phrase following the direct object. examples: juan me compra un libro. John buys me a book. John buys a book for me.
Ella nos dijo una mentira. She told us a lie. She told a lie to us.
Yo te digo la verdad siempre. I always tell you the truth. I always tell the truth to you.
Os damos el dinero. We give you the money. We give the money to you.
Ella le escribe una carta. She writes him a letter. She writes a letter to him.
I~1 les canta una canci6n. He sings them a song. He sings a song to them.
Spanish Pronotms and Prepositions ~ 1-10-2 Fill in each blank with the appropriate indirect object pronoun.
compra flores,
1. Jorge compra flores para mL Jorge
cuenta la historia.
2. Marta cuenta la historia a nosotros. Marta
leen el libro,
3. Los padres leen el libro al nifio. Los padres 4. Escribo una carta a mis abuelos.
escribo una carta. da un anillo.
5. Felipe da un anillo aJuana. Felipe 6. Vendemos la casa a Marta.
vendemos la casa. traigo el maquillaje.
7. Traigo el maquillaje (makeup) a Mary Kay.
preparamos la cena.
8, Preparamos la cena para Guillermo.
compras lu falda.
9, Compras la falda para mL
10. Martin planta un ~trbol para nosotros. Martin
escribe una carta.
11. Ella escribe una carta a t~stedes. Ella 12. Enviamos el regalo a vosotros. 13. Sirvo la comida a elias.
planta un firbol.
enviamos el regalo. sirvo la comida.
14. _E! a~quitecto disefia una casa para ti. E1 arquitecto 15. E1 mesero si~we la bebida a Isabel. E1 mesero
1. I tell him the truth. 2. He tells lies to me all the time. 3. We give her the flowers. 4. I write them a letter every week. 5. They write to us every month. 6. She sings him a song.
disefia una casa. sirve la bebida.
Indirect Object Pronouns 7. John is my assistant (el ayudante), and I dictate (dictar) a letter to him.
8. I always tell her that she’s pretty. 9. I send them a card (la taffeta) for their anniversary. 10. What do they give you (s., faro.) for your birthday every year?
Placement in Negative Sentences In a negative statement (or clause) with one verb, the indirect object pronoun is placed between the word no (or other term of negation) and the conjugated verb.
examples: 1~1 no me trae nada. He doesn’t bring me anything.
Ellos no nos dicen la verdad. They don’t tell us the truth.
La mSdica no te da medicina. The doctor doesn’t give you medicine.
Nunca os damos regalos. We never give you gifts.
No le envio la cuentajam~. I never send him the bill.
No les vendes el pan. You don’t sell themthe bread.
1-10-4 ] Unless otherwise indicated, you = second-person singular. i. He doesn’t tell me anything. 2. I don’t tell him anything. 3. They never send him anything because they don’t know his address.
4. I don’t give her mon.ey. 5. The waiter doesn’t sing "Happy Birthday" to you.
6, Why don’t they tell her the truth?
7. Why don’t they buy you (pl., faro.) a computer (la computadora) ?
Spanish Pronouns and Prepositions 8. I serve them dinner, but they never thank (dar las gracias) me.
9. If you (pl., formal) don’t ask me questions (hacerpreffantas), I don’t tell you lies.
10. We don’t lend (prestar) them money.
Placement in Affirmative Sentences with Two Verbs In a statement (or clause) that contains two verbs--the first verb is conjugated and the second one remains in its infinitive form--you have two options: 1. Place the indirect object pronoun immediately before the first verb (conjugated). 2. Attach the indirect object pronoun directly to the second verb (infinitive). Note: Both options are used in writing and in conversation; however, the second option is used more frequently. examples: 1Ol quiere darme un regalo. / 1~1 me quiere dar un regalo. He wants to give me a gift. Tfi necesitas comprarnos algo. / Tfi nos necesitas comprar algo. You need to buy us smnething. Puedo dech’te todo. / Te puedo declr todo. I can tellyou everything. Preferimos prestaros el dinero. / Os preferimos prestar el dinero. We prefer to lend you the money. l~i quiere venderle el coche. / 1~1 le quiere vender el coche. He wants to sell her the car. Ella debe alq~ilarles la casa. / Ella les debe alquilar la casa. She should rent the house to them.
1-10-5 ] Fill in the blank with the indirect object pronoun attached to the infinitive. 1. Quiero dar et libro aJorge. Quiero
el libro. la verdad.
2. Necesitan~os decir la verdad a ellos. Necesitamos 3. Ella tlene que prestar el dinero a mi. Ella tiene que 4. Debris alquilar el barco a ellos. DebSis
el dinero. el barco.
India’ect Object Pronouns
nada.
5. Nadie puede decir nada a ti. Nadie puede
una carta.
6. Prefiero escribir una carta a Marta. Prefiero 7. Ellos esperan cantar la canci6n a vosotros. Ellos esperan
la canci6n, la verdad.
8. E1 presidente debe decir la verdad a nosotros. E1 presidente debe 9. La madre necesita mostrar el arnor a su nifio. La madre necesita
el amor. chistes.
10. Un c6mico puede contar chistes (johes) a nosotros. Un C61TIico puede 11. E1 arquitecto va a disefiar una casa para mr. E1 arquitecto va a 12. Voy a preparar paella para ustedes. Voy a 13. Voy a decir mi nombre a ellos. Voy a
una casa.
paella. mi nombre.
14. Juan s61o puede vender los cigarrillos a los adultos. Juan s61o puede 15. E1 mesero debe servir la cena a nosotros con mils rapidez. E1 mesero debe con m~s rapidez.
los cigarrillos. la ceua
1-10-6 ] For items 1-5, place the indirect object pronoun before the conjugated verb. For items 6-10, attach the indirect object pronoun to the infinitive. 1. I want to give him a gift. 2. He needs to tell me the U~uth. 3. We should write her a letter. 4. You (s., fara.) should write to us more often (mds a menudo).
5. You (pl., formal) have to tell them the truth. 6. We should give them olive oil (el aceite de oliva). 7. He wants to buy her a diamond (el diamante). 8. When he comes to our house, he always wants to bring (traer) us something.
Spanish Pronouns and Prepositions 9. I can send you (s., fam.) these vases (elflorero) through the mail (pot correo).
10. You (pl., fam.) need to tell him something.
Placement in Questions and Negative Sentences Mth Two Verbs For questions and/or negative statements with two verbs, the indirect object pronoun can be placed before the conjugated verb or attached directly to the infinitive. examples: ~QuiSn va a enviarme una cuenta? / ~QuiSn me va a enviar una cuenta? Who is going to send me a bill? ~;1 no necesita darnos la informaci6n. / I~1 no nos necesita dar la informaci6n. He doesn’t need to give us the information. ~Debemos dech’te la verdad? / ~Te debemos decir la verdad? Should we tell you the truth? No quiero venderos estos collares. / No os quiero vender estos collares. I do n’t want to sell you these necklaces. Nunca pod~is comprarle la felicidad. / Nunca le pod~is comprar la felicidad. You can never buy happiness for hen. No tengo que decMes nada. / No les tengo que declr nada. I don’t have to tell them anything.
Use both options to express each statement or question. Unless otherwise indicated, you = secondsOerson singular. 1. Do you want to bring me a kitten?
2. We’re not going to show them our new house.
3. Do you want to sell them these paintings?
4. Who is going to pay me the money?
Inclh’ect Object Pronomxs 5. Can you send the farniture (los muebles) to us by (para) Tuesday?
6. The artist can’t paint her a picture (el cuadw) by June.
7. I’m not going to wash your clothing for you.
8. We don’t want to tell you (pl., formal) the bad news (las malas noticiaz).
9. X~nen can you (pl.,fam.) build (construir) the building (el edificio) for us?
10. Should you read her such a letter (tal carta)?
The Redundant Use of the Indirect Object Pronoun Even though the principal purpose of any pronoun is to replace a noun, there are times when it is clearer or more emphatic to use both the noun or pronoun and a + the pronoun or noun. This is done primarily with the indirect object pronoun and more frequently with some verbs (see the following list). At such times, the indirect object is usually in the third person.
The following verbs frequently take both a noun or pronoun and a + the appropriate pronoun: comprar dar dedr escribir enviar hacer
to buy to give to say; to tell to write to send to make or do
mandar pedlr preguntar preparar regalar tract
to send to ask (a favor); to request (from) to ask (a question) to prepare to give (a gift) to bring
examples: Yo lc doy a Juan cinco d61ares. I give him (John) five dollars.
Manuel les escribe a sus padres cada semana. Manuel writes to them (his parents) every week.
Les pregunto a el!os si quieren ir. I ask them if they want to go.
Le pido a mljefe un aumento. I ask my boss for a raise.
As you can see in the preceding examples, the addition of a + a noun or pronoun neither replaces nor adds necessary information. Thus, technically, it is redundant. Since the redundant prepositional phrase is not necessary, why do we add it.~ One,.reason is that the third-person noun or pronoun helps us clarify the ambiguous, pronoun le. Another reason is that the prepositional phrase adds emphasis to the noun or pronoun. In other words, they help each other.
Spar~sh Pronom~s and Prepositions For clarity: Le cont6 el chiste. Le cont~ a Juan el chiste. Le cont~ el chiste a ~l. Le cont~ el chiste a usted. Le cont$ el chiste a ella.
told (him? her?you?) the joke. told Juan the joke. told him the joke. told you the joke. told her the joke.
For emphasis: Juan me cont6 a mi ese chi~te. ~]uan te cont6 ese chiste a ti? Juan nos cont6 ese chiste a nosotros. Juan les cont6 ese chiste a ellas.
Juan told me that joke. Juan told you that joke? Juan told us that joke. Juan told them that joke.
A final reason for using the redundant construction is that this is the way it’s done. Perhaps this is not a satisfying answer in the rational sense; however, all languages, like all people, have their distinct charms that defy reason. The redundant use of a + a noun or pronoun is part of the charm of Spanish.
In a sentence with two verbs, choose one of the options (pronoun before the conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive) to express the sentence in Spanish. Unless otherwise indicated, you -- second-person singular.
1. I tell Juan everything. 2. I want to tell him everything. 3. She writes to her aunt every month.
4. Why do you bring so much (tanto) to Mateo? 5. She gives the documents to her attorney (el abogado).
6. She has to give the money to the police (Iapolida). 7. Margarita is giving (regalar) us a TV setl 8. Oliver wants to give (regalm) me a watch from Cartier!
9. A: What are you making for (a) your friends? B: I’m making them a cake (la torta).
10. I bring them a newspaper every morning.
Indirect Object Pronomas 11. I usuallybuy them (f) clothing for (para) Christmas.
12. What should we buy her? 13. Romeo sends Julieta roses on Valentine’s Day. 14. Are they going to send you (pl., formal) anything this year?
15. George Washington cannot tell a lie (la mentira) to anyone.
Redundant use of Indirect object pronoun 1. I buy the newspaper for my father. 2, He told the dog "no."
3, They at~swered their mother. 4, Robert bought flowers for Mary. 5. He wrote his girlfriend a poem (su novia un poema) 6, I asked Paul if he wanted to go, 7. I asked the teacher. 8. Mother prepared food for the children. 9. You brought your friends candy. 10. I gave my mother a gift.
Gustar et al. revls "ited
Indirect O~bject Pronouns with gustar There is a group of Spanish verbs which, to the native English speaker’s notion of syntax, work in reverse. The most commonly used of these verbs is gustar (to be pleasing to), hence the title of this section. While in English, one says "I like the bread," in Spanish, to get this same nlessage across, one says, "Me gusta el pan," which literally means, "The bread is pleasing to me." The bread is now the subject, and !has become the indirect oloject.
Because the bread is pleasing to me--remember that the indirect object often contains or implies the preposition to---we will need the indirect object pronoun in this sentence, as well as in all sentences that use the verb gustar (and the other verbs that operate in the manner of gustar). The key to the verbs in this section is to remember that they nearly always operate in the thirdperson singular and plural forms. The things being discussed have their effect on people: Chicago fascinates me; traffic bothers you; autobiographies interest her; money is not important to him. To work with gustar, and verbs like it, you will use the following recipe: indirect object pronoun + third-person (s. or pl.) verb + noun(s) examples: Singular Subject (noun)
Plural Subject (noun)
Me gusta la pintura. Te gusta el anitlo. Le gusta el zurro. Nos gusta la culebra. Os gusta la hlmpara. Les gusta el reloj.
Me gustan las pinturas. Te gustan los anillos. Le gustan los zorros. Nos gustan las culebras. Os gustan las l~nparas. Les gustan los relojes.
I like the painting(s). You like the ring(s). He/She likes the fox(es). We like the snake(s). You like the lamp(s). They like tile clock(s).
Notes: 1. In discussing actions that one likes to do, substitute an infinitive for the noun. Me gusta correr. I like to run.
No me gusta ni cotter ni nadar. I don’t like to run or swim.
2. For clarification in the third person, precede the phrase with the preposition a + the person’s name or the corresponding pronoun. A Madonna le gusta cantar. Madonna likes to sing. A Tom Hanks le gusta actuar. A 61 le gusta dirigir tambifin. Tom Hanks likes to act. He also likes to direct. 3. Otherwise, adding the person’s name or pronoun adds emphasis. A ti te gust,an los deportes. A ml me gusta el t& You (emphasized) like sports. I (emphasized) like tea. 4. When what one likes is simply it (as in, "I like it"), it wil! not translate because t’dchnically the word it is the subject of the sentence ("It pleases me"), and it (or its plural form they) is understood. Me gusta. I like it.
Me gustan. I like them.
Indh-ect Object Pronouns
~ 1-10-9 1 Use gustar to answer the following questions either affirmatively or negatively--whichever is true for you. Follow the pattern given in item 1 below. 1. ~Te gusta la leche? S~ me gusta la leche. / No, no me gusta la leche.
2. dTe gustan los dramas de Shakespeare? 3. ~Te gusta comer en el coche? 4. dTe gusta limpiar la casa? 5. ~Te gustan los platos (dishes) ex6ticos? 6. dTe gustan las peliculas de horror? 7. ~Te gusta correr? 8. dTe gusta memorizar los verbos espafioles? 9. dTe gustan los mosquitos? 10. dTe gusta conducir en la hora punta (rash hour)? Other Verbs That Take the Indirect Object Pronoun There are several Spanish verbs that operate in the manner of gastar--that is, they take the indirect object pronoun and demonstrate the effect that something or someone has on a person. The most common of these verbs include the following: bastar caer bien (mal) disgustar doler (o-~ue) encantar faltar fascinar hnportar interesar molestar parecer sobrar volver (o-~ue) loco/a
to be sufficient/enough to; to suffice to like (dislike); to go well (badly) with to be disgusting to; to "hate" (a thing) to be painful to; to hurt to be enchanting to; to "love" (a thing) to be lacking to; to be missing to; to need (a thing) to be fascinating to to be important to to be interesting to to be bothersome to; to bother to seem; to appear to to be left over to; to be in surplus to be crazy about or for (more intense than enc~mtar)
Page 1 of 1
Testing Gustax et al. meanings t Quizlet
Quizlet
NAME:
Gustar ef al. meanings- 15 Quest!0ns ................................................ 15 Matching Questions 1. .................. , faltar 2. i: ........ :: importar
a! to be interesting to l:, to miss c[ to matter to
3. ’~
gustar
d to like
4. ~, .........
bastar
e to seem
5. .............
parecer
:~ to be left ever g to love la to suffice
7, i
interesar
8.
encantar
±i to lack J i to be crazy about 1~ to be fascinating to ~,to hurt
10. ¯ ........
sobrar
11. ......................... disgustar 12, 13,
~’: to worry n to be repugnant to o to bother
molestar doler
14,
volver [oco
15,
hacer falta
http://quizlet.cond6684290/test/?matching=on&ignore-case= 1 &prompt-def=- 1 &limit= 15 1/11/2012
Spanish Pronouns and Prepositions gVerdadero o falso? 1. Cuando me duele la cabeza, tomo una aspirina. 2. Me importa la verdad. 3. La arquitectura de Frank Lloyd Wright me fascina. 4. Los anuncios (commercials) en la televisi6n me molestan mucho. 5. Me disgustan las personas que grufien (grumble) todo el tiempo. 6. A un millonario le sobra el dinero. 7. A los actores de Hollywood les encanta ganar el "Oscar". 8. Me falta el dinero para comprar un diamante de cinco quilates. 9. A muchosjugadores de tenis les duelen los codos. 10. No me importa tenet mucho dinero ni vivir en una casa lujosa. 11. No me interesan los chismes (gossip). .12. Ami me parece que lasjoyas de Tiffany’s son las mejores. 13. Me vuelve loco/a el chocolate. 14. A un elefante le bastan dos cacahuates (peanuts). 15. Me caen bien mis amigos. 16. Me cae mal la carne con chocolate.
~ 1-10-10 This exercise uses the verbs in the preceding list. Sometimes, clues to the appropriate verb are given in parentheses. Unless otherwise indicated, you = secondj)erson singular. 1. This book fascinates me. 2. I don’t want anything more. I have enough food. (The food is sufficient for me.)
3. Mikey likes eve~Tthing. 4. I hate this movie. (This movie is disgusting to me.)
Indirect Object Pronouns 5. My eyes hurt. 6. Nothing is important to him and nothing interests him. How (qud) sad!
7. I’m missing a button (el botdn) on my shirt.
8. We love your new house! 9. What’s bothering you? 10. These magazines seem absurd (absurdo) to me.
11. After the holidays (los dias defiesta), they don’t have (any) money left over.
12. He hates coffee, but I love it. 13. I’m crazy about this play (la obra de teatro).
14. I don’t like cookies with raisins. (Cookies with raisins don’t go well with me.)
15. She loves sports, but he hates them.
1-10-11 ] Note: The focus here is on indirect object pronouns; howev~ because these translations are cumulative, there will be direct object pronouns, as well as other types previously covered.
I have a new neighbor. He lives next door to me. He seems (to me) very nice. I want to give him something that he tikes. I can make a cake for him or I can write him a note that says (to him), ’~VVelcome to the neighborhood!" I can see him now. These binoculars are great! I can see it all now. I think that I’m going to watch him for a while. No one sees me when I use my binoculars because I turn out all the lights. I love these binoculars. I don’t know what I ought to do. I’m going to ask my aunt what she thinks. She always gives me good advice.
GUSTAR et al. Translate the following 1. I’m crazy about chocolate (volver loco). 2. He’s crazy about chocolate. 3. We’re crazy about chocolate. 4. The dog seems tired to me(parecer canzado). 5. The dog seems tired to us. 6. Spanish class is important to me (importer). 7. Spanish class is important to them. 8. Spanish class is important to him. 9. The movie fascinates me (fascinar). 10. The movie fascinates you. 11. He hates this movie (disgustar). 12. He hates dogs. 13. They love to listen to music. 14. He seems (to me) very nice. 15. I’m missing a book. 16. We’re missing the tickets (los boletos) 17. He’s missing the tickets. 18. I have 5 dollars left over. 19. You’re missing a book. 20. You have 5 dollars left over.
GUSTAR ctal. PAST TENSE Translctte the f!~lIowing 1. I was crazy ahont chocolate (volver Ioco). 2. He was crazy aboat chocolate. 3. We were crazy about chocolate. 4. The dog seemed tired to me(parecer canzado). 5. The dog seemed tired to us. 6. Spanish class was important to me (importer). 7. Spaniah class was important to them, 8. Spanish class was important to him. 9. The movie fascinated me (fascina). 10. The movie fascinated you. 11. He lamed this movie (disgustar). 12. lie hated dogs. lB. They loved to listen to music. 14. He seemed (to me) very nice. 1~, i was missing a book. 16, We were missing the tickets (los boleros) 17. He was missing the tickets. 18. I had 5 dollars left over. 19. You were missing a book. 20, You had 5 dollars left over.
Nombre: ________________________________________
Fecha: ______________________
Escuela: ________________________________________
Hora: _______________________
WORKSHEET – -AR VERBS in the PRETERITE Complete with the correct preterite form of the –ar verb in parentheses. 1. La profesora _________________________ a los estudiantes. (enseñar) 2. Yo _________________________ bien el español. (hablar) 3. Ellas _________________________ materiales escolares. (buscar) 4. El dependiente _________________________ muy tarde [late]. (trabajar) 5. ¿Qué talla _________________________ tú? (usar) 6. El profesor Sánchez _________________________ una goma de borrar. (necesitar) 7. Ana y yo __________________________ una merienda para el Club de español. (preparar) 8. --Ustedes _________________________ muy bien. (bailar) --Sí, pero nosotros no _________________________ bien. (cantar) 9. Yo nunca [never] _________________________ apuntes en la clase de inglés. (tomar) 10. Raúl _________________________ mucho por los zapatos. (pagar) 11. ¿A qué hora _________________________ los estudiantes? (llegar) 12. En matemáticas, nosotros _________________________ notas bajas. (sacar) 13. ¿Qué _________________________ usted? (desear) 14. ¿ _________________________ tú uniforme a la escuela? (llevar) 15. ¿ _________________________ ustedes mucho? (estudiar) 16. Los alumnos no _________________________ bien. (escuchar) 17. Nosotros _________________________ atención en la clase. (prestar) 18. ¿Qué _________________________ ustedes en la tienda? (comprar) 19. Yo _________________________ la pizarra. (mirar) 20. ¿Qué número _________________________ los niños? (calzar) Page 1 of 1
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preterite_ar_wksht
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Nombre: ________________________________________
Fecha: ______________________
Escuela: ________________________________________
Hora: _______________________
WORKSHEET 2 – -AR VERBS in the PRETERITE A. Complete the following verbs with the correct preterite endings. Don't forget accent marks where necessary.
nadar - to swim
mirar - to look at
estudiar - to study
preparar - to prepare
yo nad______
ellos mir_______
tú estudi_______
tú y yo prepar_______
ellas nad______
nosotros mir_______
Ud. estudi_______
Raúl prepar_______
Julio nad______
yo mir_______
Uds. estudi_______
ellas prepar_______
Ana y yo nad_______
tú mir_______
yo estudi_______
tú prepar_______
tú nad_______
Luisa mir_______
ella y yo estudi_______
yo prepar_______
B. Complete these verbs with spelling changes marcar – to mark, to score, to dial
llegar - to arrive
jugar - to play
empezar - to begin
yo ______________
ellos lleg________
tú jug______
nosotros empez______
ellas marc_____
Carlos y yo lleg_______
Ud. jug______
yo ______________
tú marc _____
yo ______________
yo ______________
la chica empez______
C. Complete the sentences with the correct preterite form of the –ar verb in parentheses. 1. El médico me _________________________. (examinar) 2. Por la tarde, Marisa _________________________ té caliente. (preparar) 3. Yo no _________________________ en México. (viajar) 4. Yo _________________________ la cuenta. (pagar) Page 1 of 2
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preterite_ar_wksht2
This material is the property of the AR Dept. of Education. It may be used and reproduced for non-profit, educational purposes only after contacting the ADE Distance Learning Center. RFS
Nombre: ________________________________________
Fecha: ______________________
Escuela: ________________________________________
Hora: _______________________
WORKSHEET 2 – -AR VERBS in the PRETERITE 5. Alicia _________________________ la pista para principiantes. (bajar) 6. El jugador _________________________ un tanto. (marcar) 7. ¿_________________________ tú mucho la televisión? (mirar) 8. Los chicos _________________________ el sol. (tomar) 9. Yo _________________________ con una amiga de mi hermana. (bailar) 10. Nosotros _________________________a la profesora. (escuchar) 11. ¿Tú _________________________mucho? (nadar) 12. Yo _________________________ una "A" de la clase del profesor Yépez. (sacar) 13. Yo no _________________________ bien los deportes. (jugar) 14. Las esquiadoras _________________________ la pista. (bajar) 15. Mis amigos y yo _________________________ juntos. (trabajar) 16. Yo _________________________ el tenis. (practicar) 17. El hombre _________________________ frutas. (comprar) 18. Los niños _________________________ una Coca~Cola. (tomar) 19. ¿ _________________________ tú el Super Bowl? (mirar) 20. Yo _________________________ temprano [early]. (empezar) D. For the following sentences, rewrite the verb in the preterite tense. 1. Ellos llegan tarde a la escuela. _______________________ 2. Mamá cocina los tamales. _______________________ 3. Yo busco mi carro. _______________________ 4. Yo lanzo la pelota. _______________________ 5. El estudiante estudia mucho. _______________________
6. Nosotros trabajamos en Little Rock. ______________________ Page 2 of 2
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preterite_ar_wksht2
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EL PRETÉRITO DE LOS VERBOS REGULARES
Ejercicio: escribe el pretérito de los verbos que aparecen en paréntesis.
¡Que Día! Esta mañana mi padre me ____________________ (despertar) muy temprano, alrededor
de
las
siete
menos
cuarto
de
la
mañana.
Me
_________________(quedar) en la cama cinco minutos más y luego me ___________________(levantar),
me
__________________(duchar)
y
me
________________(vestir). Mi madre ___________________(preparar) un delicioso
Spanish4Teachers.org
Page 1
desayuno de huevos, pan tostado y café. Yo ____________________ (terminar) todo mi desayuno y ____________________(subir) al baño a cepillarme los dientes. El bus del colegio ____________________(llegar) por mi a las ocho menos cuarto. A la primera hora ____________________(tener) matemáticas y ______________________(olvidar) hacer la tarea. Cuando _______________ (llegar) al colegio ________________(correr) al salón para hacer mi tarea antes de que empezara la clase. A la hora del almuerzo mis amigos y yo _________________(comer)
hamburguesas
_____________________(participar)
en
la
y clase
gaseosas. de
Yo
deportes
no
porque
____________________(olvidar) mi uniforme en casa y el profesor ____________________(escribir) una nota a mis padres. Finalmente ___________________(volver) ____________________(preguntar)
a
casa por
y mi
mi mochila
madre y
me
entonces
___________________(recordar) que la ____________________(olvidar) en el bus. Mis padres ___________________(recibir) la nota de mi profesor de deportes y _____________________(decidir) hacer una “lista de responsabilidades” para que yo no _________________(olvidar) nada. ¡Qué Día!
Spanish4Teachers.org
Page 2
EL PRETÉRITO DE LOS VERBOS REGULARES
Ejercicio: escribe el pretérito de los verbos que aparecen en paréntesis.
¡Que Día! Esta mañana mi padre me ____________________ (despertar) muy temprano, alrededor
de
las
siete
menos
cuarto
de
la
mañana.
Me
_________________(quedar) en la cama cinco minutos más y luego me ___________________(levantar),
me
__________________(duchar)
y
me
________________(vestir). Mi madre ___________________(preparar) un delicioso
Spanish4Teachers.org
Page 1
desayuno de huevos, pan tostado y café. Yo ____________________ (terminar) todo mi desayuno y ____________________(subir) al baño a cepillarme los dientes. El bus del colegio ____________________(llegar) por mi a las ocho menos cuarto. A la primera hora ____________________(tener) matemáticas y ______________________(olvidar) hacer la tarea. Cuando _______________ (llegar) al colegio ________________(correr) al salón para hacer mi tarea antes de que empezara la clase. A la hora del almuerzo mis amigos y yo _________________(comer)
hamburguesas
_____________________(participar)
en
la
y clase
gaseosas. de
Yo
deportes
no
porque
____________________(olvidar) mi uniforme en casa y el profesor ____________________(escribir) una nota a mis padres. Finalmente ___________________(volver) ____________________(preguntar)
a
casa por
y mi
mi mochila
madre y
me
entonces
___________________(recordar) que la ____________________(olvidar) en el bus. Mis padres ___________________(recibir) la nota de mi profesor de deportes y _____________________(decidir) hacer una “lista de responsabilidades” para que yo no _________________(olvidar) nada. ¡Qué Día!
Spanish4Teachers.org
Page 2
Ejercicio ar -z / r a g / r a c e Preterit Verbs
________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ________ _ _ _ _ _ :_ e _______ Nombr _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______ _ _ Fecha: _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Hora: __
Escribe la forma correcta del verbo. Recuerda la rima! Write the correct form of the verb. ¡Remember the rhyme! 1. El año pasado, yo _________________________________ al baloncesto. (jugar) 2. Marta y Paco _______________________________________, también. (jugar) 3. Este verano, mi familia y yo _______________ en un barco por el mar. (navegar) 4. El profesor nos ___________________________ los papeles anteayer. (entregar)
7
5. Yo no __________________________________ la calle sin mirar bien. (cruzar) 6. Hace tres años, yo ___________________________ la flauta en la banda. (tocar) 7. Anoche, mi hermano ___________________ los zapatos en el armario. (colocar) 8. ¿Cuándo ________________________________ tú los platos? ¿Anoche? (secar) 9. Yo los ______________________________________________ anteayer. (secar) 10. Los alumnos _________________________________ en la cafetería. (almorzar) 11. Pero yo ___________________ en el aula de mi profesora de español. (almorzar)
Ejercicio
12. El maestro nos _______________________ las lecciones del pretérito. (explicar) 13. Yo le _____________________________________ al camarero en el café. (pagar) 14. ¿Cuándo __________________________ el programa? ¿A las dos? (comenzar)
©2005 Teacher’s Discovery, Inc.
15. Este año, yo _________________ a hablar más en clase. (empezar) 16. Paco _______________ al ajedrez después de las clases. (jugar) 17. Yo ______________________________ a mis hermanitas. (buscar) 18. Yo ____________________ mucho de las vacaciones de invierno. (gozar)
Iglesia del Calvario de Jesús
19. ¿Qué diccionario ____________________ tú para inglés? (utilizar) 20. Yo ________________________ éste que encontré en la librería. (utilizar)
52
HOJA DE TRABAJO Nombre
CAPÍTULO
Fecha
4 De tiendas
Antes de navegar You are an employee at a gift shop that offers a gift basket service for all occasions. In the space below, brainstorm a list of three items that would be appropriate gifts for each occasion. Un cumpleaños
Una boda
La Navidad
Un apartamento nuevo
¡A navegar! Primera parte: El cliente Recently the gift shop received four orders. Choose one of the people and read the work order that you received from that client. Make a list of the items your client wants in the space below. List six items. 1.
4.
2.
5.
3.
6.
Segunda parte: Más información Your client didn’t give you all the information you need. Prepare a list of questions for your client to find out additional information such as size, color, and/or quantity. Write three questions to ask your client in the spaces below. 1.
2.
3.
ACTIVIDADES POR INTERNET
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
¡Buen viaje! Level 2 Capítulo 4
1
Nombre
Fecha
Tercera parte: De compras - La canasta Now you are ready to do the shopping! Click on one of the De compras links. Look at the list of categories to find ones that will best suit your shopping needs. Navigate through the sites until you have found all the items you need to buy for your client. The shop requires that you document your purchases, so fill in the chart below with all the information.
Nombre de la tienda
Objeto o servicio comprado (bought)
Descripción del objeto o servicio
Precio (en euros)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Después de navegar 1. Your boss requires a daily report that details what stores you visited and what you bought. Include a description of an interesting event that happened to you while you were shopping. It could be a humorous event or a problematic event. Use the preterite and imperfect tenses.
2
ACTIVIDADES POR INTERNET
¡Buen viaje! Level 2 Capítulo 4
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Nombre
Fecha
2. Haz una lista de las palabras nuevas que aprendiste.
Palabras nuevas
ACTIVIDADES POR INTERNET
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
¡Buen viaje! Level 2 Capítulo 4
3
