Volcanoes
Say Thanks to the Authors Click http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (No sign in required)
To access a customizable version of this book, as well as other interactive content, visit www.ck12.org
CK-12 Foundation is a non-profit organization with a mission to reduce the cost of textbook materials for the K-12 market both in the U.S. and worldwide. Using an open-content, web-based collaborative model termed the FlexBook®, CK-12 intends to pioneer the generation and distribution of high-quality educational content that will serve both as core text as well as provide an adaptive environment for learning, powered through the FlexBook Platform®. Copyright © 2015 CK-12 Foundation, www.ck12.org The names “CK-12” and “CK12” and associated logos and the terms “FlexBook®” and “FlexBook Platform®” (collectively “CK-12 Marks”) are trademarks and service marks of CK-12 Foundation and are protected by federal, state, and international laws. Any form of reproduction of this book in any format or medium, in whole or in sections must include the referral attribution link http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (placed in a visible location) in addition to the following terms. Except as otherwise noted, all CK-12 Content (including CK-12 Curriculum Material) is made available to Users in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC 3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/3.0/), as amended and updated by Creative Commons from time to time (the “CC License”), which is incorporated herein by this reference. Complete terms can be found at http://www.ck12.org/terms. Printed: January 15, 2015
www.ck12.org
C HAPTER
Chapter 1. Volcanoes
1
Volcanoes
Chapter Test Name___________________ Class______________ Date________ Multiple Choice Circle the letter of the correct choice. 1. The Hawaiian islands are found at a(n) a. b. c. d.
divergent boundary hot spot convergent boundary transform boundary
2. The most geologically active region in the world is the a. b. c. d.
Ring of Fire Alps Yellowstone Basin Himalaya-Asiatic Belt
3. When magma moves beneath a volcano it may cause a. b. c. d.
earthquakes slope deformation an eruption all of these
4. A sign that an eruption could soon occur is a. b. c. d.
less gases coming from the volcano an decrease in the number and size of earthquakes rocks falling down the volcano’s slope all of these
5. Some volcanoes have steep slopes because a. b. c. d.
thick lava solidifies before it gets far down slope fluid lava solidifies before it gets far down slope ash does not fall far from the vent earthquakes cause slopes to steepen
6. A volcano that could erupt, but hasn’t recently is a. b. c. d.
dead active dormant extinct
7. Which type of volcano is Kilauea in Hawaii? a. shield b. composite 1
www.ck12.org c. cinder cone d. supervolcano 8. What is the most common type of volcano? a. b. c. d.
shield cinder cone composite supervolcano
9. Scientists think that supervolcano eruptions could have a. b. c. d.
permanently altered the composition of the atmosphere caused large land areas to fall into the sea changed the directions of plate movement caused mass extinctions
10. What is created when water is heated beneath the Earth’s surface and erupts to the surface through a narrow passageway? a. b. c. d.
lava plateau lava dune geyser hot spring
True or False Write true if the statement is true or false if the statement is false. _______ 11. Subduction at the Middle American Trench creates volcanoes in Hawaii. _______ 12. A geyser is a hot spring that erupts because the hot water becomes trapped. _______ 13. Lava erupts through long cracks in the ground called fissures. _______ 14. Intraplate volcanoes are found at convergent plate boundaries. _______ 15. Volcanoes at divergent plate boundaries create oceanic crust. _______ 16. A supervolcano eruption occurs about once per century. _______ 17. A large explosive eruption has about the same power as an atomic bomb. _______ 18. Volcanic gases include sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. _______ 19. Non-explosive eruptions cause almost no deaths or property damage. _______ 20. Cinder cones are found with composite volcanoes, but not shield volcanoes. Fill in the Blanks Fill in the blank with the term that best completes the sentence. 21. Some volcanic gases can be detected using ___________ monitoring. 22. A ____________ is a vent through which molten rock and gas escape from the magma chamber. 23. The shape of a volcano is related to the composition of its _____________. 24. Cinder cone volcanoes usually have a ____________ at their summit. 25. With distance from a hotspot, a chain of volcanoes becomes __________ in age. 26. When magma cools deeper in the crust it forms __________. 27. Most volcanoes are the result of the process of ____________ at convergent plate boundaries. 28. An explosive eruption may create a ____________, a large hole into which the mountain collapses. 2
www.ck12.org
Chapter 1. Volcanoes
29. The Andes Mountains that line South America are at a(n) ____________ boundary. 30. ___________ are found at divergent plate boundaries as continents break apart. Short Answer Answer each question in the space provided. 31. Look at the plate tectonics map of the world. In the western North and Central America, where are there volcanoes? Why are there volcanoes in those locations? Why are there no volcanoes through much of California?
32. Explain how volcanic eruptions are predicted.
33. How can volcanoes be considered constructive? How can volcanoes be considered destructive?
3
