Data for Figure 2: The effects of gallic acid, BLE and BSE on cell viability (%) of HepG2 cells. GA (µg/ml) Treatment
Cell viability (%)
SEM
0 3.125 6.25 12.5 25 50 100 200 500
100.00 92.28 66.29 48.27 43.11 40.61 43.47 45.83 28.92
0.00 5.65 4.16 5.02 3.80 4.86 4.69 4.15 1.42
BLE (µg/ml) Cell viability SEM (%) 100.00 0.00 91.98 1.17 92.21 0.70 93.84 2.51 90.78 2.66 95.19 1.17 98.66 2.06 94.19 2.45 29.64 0.88
BSE (µg/ml) Cell viability (%) 100.00 99.31 103.07 102.40 106.84 109.46 111.44 104.25 83.59
SEM 0.00 0.42 1.39 0.61 3.81 5.77 4.29 1.84 2.76
GA, gallic acid; BLE, leaf water extract of B. racemosa; BSE, stem water extract of B. racemosa; SEM, standard error of means.
Data for Figure 3: The effects of (A) gallic acid, (B) BLE and (C) BSE on antioxidant status (FRAP value, µM Fe2+) of HepG2 cells.
Treatment Control 0.5 1 2 5 10 20
GA(µM) FRAP (µM Fe2+) 37.67 33.44 93.56 45.67 74.56 35.22 55.44
SEM 0.33 6.45 5.06 3.79 6.71 4.49 3.04
BLE (µg/ml) FRAP (µM Fe2+) 70.22 110.33 173.33 29.78 118.00 86.33 121.78
SEM 13.28 16.19 18.08 5.49 15.17 22.77 5.15
BSE (µg/ml) FRAP (µM Fe2+) 32.11 38.33 108.00 44.78 78.22 44.89 62.33
SEM 2.90 8.74 16.68 5.67 9.06 8.35 7.19
Control, untreated cells; GA, gallic acid; BLE, leaf water extract of B. racemosa; BSE, stem water extract of B. racemosa; SEM, standard error of means.
Data for Figure 4: The cytoprotective effects of (A) gallic acid, (B) BLE and (C) BSE on HepG2 cells following H2O2-induced oxidative damage.
Treatment Control H2O2 0.5 + H2O2 1 + H2O2 2 + H2O2 5 + H2O2 10 + H2O2 20 + H2O2
GA (µM) Cell viability (%) 100.00 31.97 32.90 51.59 24.78 42.87 32.93 35.74
SEM 2.26 1.43 1.90 4.08 0.25 2.05 0.97 0.59
BLE (µg/ml) Cell viability (%) 100.00 27.57 26.21 38.71 19.76 26.39 18.08 26.98
BSE (µg/ml) SEM
Cell SEM viability (%)
1.39 2.48 2.42 1.55 2.94 2.63 1.78 2.82
100.00 26.27 18.89 33.22 15.51 20.67 19.74 19.91
1.22 1.70 1.64 1.69 0.93 1.21 1.72 0.82
Control, untreated cells; H2O2: positive control; GA, gallic acid; BLE, leaf water extract of B. racemosa; BSE, stem water extract of B. racemosa; SEM, standard error of means.
Data for Figure 5: The effects of (A) gallic acid, (B) BLE and (C) BSE on ROS production of HepG2 cells following H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Treatment Control H2O2 0.5 + H2O2 1 + H2O2 2 + H2O2 5 + H2O2 10 + H2O2 20 + H2O2
GA (µM)
BLE (µg/ml)
BSE (µg/ml)
RFU
SEM
RFU
SEM
RFU
SEM
67.33 73.84 75.25 72.03 68.68 69.70 69.36 66.50
0.33 0.36 0.44 0.97 0.16 1.64 1.21 1.60
69.43 86.25 66.94 66.15 66.45 62.69 65.02 69.71
0.96 3.32 0.16 0.43 1.12 0.23 1.48 0.45
68.75 79.59 66.09 63.03 60.75 62.55 61.64 66.10
0.68 1.22 0.77 0.40 0.32 0.36 0.19 0.08
Control, untreated cells; H2O2, positive control; GA, gallic acid; BLE, leaf water extract of B. racemosa; BSE, stem water extract of B. racemosa; SEM, standard error of means. RFU, relative fluorescence unit.
Data for Figure 6: The effects of (A) gallic acid, (B) BLE and (C) BSE on lipid peroxidation of HepG2 cells following H2O2-induced oxidative damage.
Treatment Control H2O2 0.5 + H2O2 1 + H2O2 2 + H2O2 5 + H2O2 10 + H2O2 20 + H2O2
GA (µM) MDA (nmol/g protein) 15.39 51.86 24.02 16.20 33.15 17.70 30.30 27.71
SEM 3.51 10.80 4.27 3.61 6.15 7.05 8.83 6.97
BLE (µg/ml) MDA (nmol/g protein) 15.39 51.86 18.58 36.67 17.65 22.17 34.27 8.05
SEM 3.51 10.80 8.77 9.57 4.39 8.35 9.84 2.74
BSE (µg/ml) MDA (nmol/g protein) 15.39 51.86 39.24 32.11 23.59 22.56 19.29 20.80
SEM 3.51 10.80 5.11 8.79 7.15 6.76 5.95 1.26
Control, untreated cells; H2O2, positive control; GA, gallic acid; BLE, leaf water extract of B. racemosa; BSE, stem water extract of B. racemosa; SEM, standard error of means; MDA, malondialdehyde.
Figure 7 The effects of gallic acid, BLE and BSE on activities of SOD (A-C) and CAT (D-F) in HepG2 cells following H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Superoxide dismutase:
Treatment Control H2O2 0.5 + H2O2 1 + H2O2 2 + H2O2 5 + H2O2 10 + H2O2 20 + H2O2
GA (µM) SOD (U/mg protein) 7.90 20.74 11.62 13.02 16.16 10.26 11.08 9.67
SEM 1.01 2.83 0.36 1.92 1.78 0.49 2.49 2.93
BLE (µg/ml) SOD (U/mg protein) 7.90 20.74 12.85 4.40 13.51 21.80 17.44 13.11
SEM 1.01 2.83 2.35 1.92 3.91 4.65 5.04 2.67
BSE (µg/ml) SOD (U/mg protein) 7.90 20.74 8.16 6.93 6.02 17.36 6.59 8.22
SEM 1.01 2.83 1.35 2.07 0.59 1.85 1.60 1.01
Control, untreated cells; H2O2: positive control; GA, gallic acid; BLE, leaf water extract of B. racemosa; BSE, stem water extract of B. racemosa; SEM, standard error of means.
Catalase:
Treatment Control H2O2 0.5 + H2O2 1 + H2O2 2 + H2O2 5 + H2O2 10 + H2O2 20 + H2O2
GA (µM) CAT (U/mg protein) 117.47 183.25 131.22 155.11 172.36 144.93 121.85 135.85
SEM 11.19 12.28 18.18 1.47 7.62 14.19 5.79 10.53
BLE (µg/ml) CAT (U/mg protein) 117.47 183.25 224.46 162.00 134.08 184.33 208.30 139.52
SEM 11.19 12.28 28.41 3.96 12.45 6.97 4.52 20.62
BSE (µg/ml) CAT (U/mg protein) 117.47 183.25 189.34 148.46 126.13 248.14 175.69 167.58
SEM 11.19 12.28 16.44 18.27 15.06 6.66 18.29 25.10
Control, untreated cells; H2O2: positive control; GA, gallic acid; BLE, leaf water extract of B. racemosa; BSE, stem water extract of B. racemosa; SEM, standard error of means.
