Chemistry of Life Review Worksheet | Part I ... what you don't know and make note of this by highlighting the question. Now use notes, etc to finish. ...
Chemistry of Life Review Worksheet | Part I Directions: Answer the following questions the BEST you can without any help. After you have finished, notice what you don’t know and make note of this by highlighting the question. Now use notes, etc to finish. Carbon Based Molecules 1. In terms of science, what does the term “organic” mean? ____________________________________ 2. What is it about Carbon’s atomic structure that makes it “the building block of life”? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Draw the electron configuration of a carbon atom that supports your answer in #2:
4. Name the 4 different types of organic molecules and their monomer and polymer in the table below: Organic Molecule
Monomer
Polymer
5. Define the following and label the following parts (c, d, and e) in the figure: a. Monomer: _____________________________________________________________________ b. Polymer: ______________________________________________________________________
Carbohydrates 6. List the 3 elements that make up carbohydrates: a. _________________________________ b. _________________________________ c. _________________________________ 7. What is the ratio of these elements to one another? ___________ : ___________ : ___________ 8. If a carbohydrate has 12 carbon atoms, how many hydrogen & oxygen atoms would this carbohydrate contain? a. Hydrogen: ____________________ b. Oxygen: ______________________ 9. What is the monomer of a carbohydrate called? ____________________________________________ 10. What is the polymer of a carbohydrate called? ______________________________________________
11. Fill in the table for the three major polysaccharides and one monosaccharide used in biology: Type of Carb
Monomer or Polymer?
Where found?
Characteristics/Function
Starch
Cellulose
Glucose
Glycogen
Lipids 12. Name the 4 main types of lipids: a. __________________ b. __________________ c. __________________ d. __________________ 13. What are the main functions of lipids? a. ______________________________________________________________________________ b. ______________________________________________________________________________ c. ______________________________________________________________________________
14. Which lipid gives cells their flexibility? _____________________________________________________ 15. Label as either SATURATED or UNSATURATED for a ‐ d:
a.___________________________________ b. ___________________________________ Have fatty acids with at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
Have fatty acids in which all carbon carbon bonds are single bonds.
c. ___________________________________ d. ___________________________________ 16. Fill in the table below using the choices/questions in the “characteristics box”: Saturated Fats
Characteristics State (solid/liquid/gas) at room temperature
Unsaturated Fats
Commonly found in which type of organisms
Types of bonds connecting carbon atoms
17. What is the structure below? ____________________________________ 18. What does the structure below help to create? _____________________________________________ 19. Label all parts of this structure and the polar, non‐polar, hydrophilic, and hydrophobic regions. 20. How is this structure different from a triglyceride? ___________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________
Nucleic Acids 21. Fill in the table for nucleic acids (there are 2 polymers for this monomer): Monomer
Polymers
Functions
22. Fill in the blank: The arrangement of nucleotides determines the kind of __________________ created. 23. Name the three parts of a DNA nucleotide a. _______________________________________ b. _______________________________________ c. _______________________________________ 24. Circle an entire nucleotide on the DNA segment below.
25. How many nucleotides are shown in the DNA segment pictured? ___________________ 26. Fill in the DNA molecules to the right using the letters below: P (phosphate)
A (adenine)
T (thymine)
S (sugar)
G (guanine)
C (cytosine)
27. If you had the following strand of DNA bases ACGCGTATC, how would the attached DNA strand read? 28. If you had the following strand of DNA bases ACGCGTATC, how would the attached RNA strand read?