Skills Worksheet. Chapter Review. USING VOCABULARY. ______ 1. Academic Vocabulary Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to the word ...
Chapter Review USING VOCABULARY ______ 1. Academic Vocabulary Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to the word structure? a. evidence c. duty b. shape d. location Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank.
cell prokaryote cell wall
organ organelles tissue
2. A(n)
cell membrane differentiate
is the smallest structural and functional unit
of living things. 3. Two types of
are ribosomes and mitochondria.
4. During development, the cells of a multicellular organism
, which allows them to be specialized. 5. A(n)
is a group of cells working together to
perform a specific function. UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS Multiple Choice
______ 6. Which of the following best describes an organ? a. a group of cells that work together to perform a specific job b. a group of tissues that belong to different systems c. a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific job d. a body structure, such as muscles or lungs ______ 7. In eukaryotic cells, which organelle contains the DNA? a. nucleus c. smooth ER b. Golgi complex d. vacuole ______ 8. Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory? a. All cells suddenly appear by themselves. b. All cells come from other cells. c. All organisms are multicellular. d. All cells have identical parts.
Chapter Review continued ______ 9. The surface area–to–volume ratio of a cell limits a. the number of organelles that the cell has. b. the size of the cell. c. where the cell lives. d. the types of nutrients that a cell needs. ______ 10. Two types of organisms whose cells do NOT have a nucleus are a. prokaryotes and eukaryotes. b. plants and animals. c. bacteria and archaea. d. single-celled and multicellular organisms. Short Answer
11. Listing Describe the four levels of organization in multicellular organisms.
INTERPRETING GRAPHICS Use the diagram below to answer the next three questions. D
B C
A
12. Analyzing Is this a plant or an animal cell?
13. Identifying Which letter identifies the structure that captures sunlight energy for photosynthesis?
14. Applying Which letter identifies the structure that makes proteins and lipids and that contains passageways through which substances move from place to place in the cell?
Chapter Review continued WRITING SKILLS 15. Creative Writing Write a paragraph from the perspective of an organelle in a plant cell. Describe which organelle you are and what you do for the cell. Include information about how your structure relates to your function.
Chapter Review continued CRITICAL THINKING 16. Concept Mapping Use the following terms to create a concept map: cells, organisms, Golgi complex, organ systems, organs, nucleus, organelle, and tissues.
17. Making Comparisons Compare the functions of the endoplasmic reticulum with the functions of the Golgi complex.
Chapter Review continued 18. Evaluating Hypotheses One of your classmates states a hypothesis that all organisms must have organ systems. Is your classmate’s hypothesis valid? Explain your answer.
19. Predicting Consequences What would happen if all of the ribosomes in your cells disappeared?
INTERPRETING GRAPHICS Use the diagram below to answer the next question.
20. Making Inferences Describe what could happen to an organism if the organ system shown above failed to function properly.
Chapter Review continued 21. Making Comparisons Compare how a plant cell retains its shape to how an animal cell retains its shape. Be sure to include in your explanation which cell parts are used by each type of cell to maintain its shape.
22. Making Comparisons Compare how a eukaryote stores DNA to how a prokaryote stores DNA.
23. Applying Concepts If you used a microscope to observe a heart cell and a skin cell, would you find that the two cells are exactly the same? Explain your answer.
24. Expressing Opinions How do you think cell differentiation affects an organism? Support your answer with examples.
Chapter Review continued MATH SKILLS Interpreting Graphics Use the diagram below to answer the next question.
6 mm
3 mm
2 mm
25. Analyzing Shapes What is the surface area–to–volume ratio for a cell that has the shape depicted in the diagram? Show your work below.
CHALLENGE 26. Making Inferences A plant cell has chloroplasts that capture sunlight for photosynthesis. Plant cells have mitochondria that release energy that the cell can use to do work. Animal cells have mitochondria but do not have chloroplasts. How do animal cells get the sugars that mitochondria use to release energy?
