3I9
SCIENCE.
JUNE 5, i89i.]
receive a hearty welcome from anatomists in all quarters of the globe, as a most tborough and capable contribution to the subject R. W. SHUFELDT. of vertebrate morpbology. Takoma, D.C., May 29.
BOOK:-REVIEWS. The Defences of AlNorumbega. By EBE-N NTORTON HORSFORD. Boston and New York, Hougbton, Mifflin, &; Co., 1891. IN this sumptuouslv publisbed volume, with its numnerous reproductions of old maps, its photographic views a-nd engravings, Professor Horsford returDs to the a.rena in defence of his favorite theory that in the eleventh century the Northmen established an import-ant walled city on the site wbere Watertown, Mass., nowv stands. He believes that he has discovered its stone-built walls, its aiicie-nt stone-paved streets, and the remains of its docks aind wharves. Otber local antiquaries see inl these remains merely the vestiges of some dams, drains, and stone fences of the early New England farmers, and it appeap# that Professor Horsford bas Dot succeeded in persuading any of the resident investigators of the interpretation he has so Ach at heart. Furthermore, the most recent and careful study of the Sagas of the Northmen's voyages to America -that by Professor Gustav Storm -declares that the records do inot admit of p]aciDg the soutbern limit of their explorations south ofIINova Scotia. We must tberefore return the Scotch verdict of iiot proven," on the evidence before us. Civilization: an Historical Review of its Elements. By C:HARLEs MownIs. Chicago-, S. C. Grigg's & Co. 2 vols. MR. MORRIS is known as a fertile writer on topics relating to evolution, and as the autbor of II The Arvan Race"and some otber works. In the volumes before us be un;dertakes "to set forth the philosophy of human progress and indicate the evolutionary steps by wbich the world of man has passed upward from primitive savagery to modern e-nlightment." In carrying out this plan he3 selects such subjects as government, war, religion, law, commerce, literature, and the arts, and portrays their growth from a primitive form to that condition in wbich we find them to-day. This is usually accomplished in a comprebensive and satisfactory manner; but tlle reader- is riot unfrequently at a loss, as he is repeatedly in Mr. Morris's II Aryan Race," to distinguish between faDciful hypotheses of the writer and definite results of other investigators, for his pages offer no references as guides, and his assertions usually go unsupported. As a popular work, however, it deserves commendatiou. AMONG THE PUBLISHERS. THE, first number of Pavtobiblion bas just been received from the American publishers, Messrs D. Appleton & Co., New York. This new periodical has its main office in St. Petersburg, ain-d is edited by A. Kersha, a civil eDgineer. The t,itle-page of the number received is in English, but the text is printed in fifteen different lainguages. The purpose of Pantobiblion is to help those concerned with the applied sciences generally in securiQg i-nformation of the curreint scientific literature in their specialities. To do this, the journal contains a classified list of all new books in all the principal languages, a series of reviews of the leading scientific publications, and a summary of the contents of current periodical literature. It is intended to add to tbese, critical notices of the principal articles in scienti-fic periodicals, and a miscellaneous de;partinenat to be devoted to short notes on current scienitific literatulre. This first nuniber contains 1,200 titles of new pulblications, 80 reviews, and the "1 contents " of 270 periodicals. That it i-nay not be thought that this new venture is only for those interested in applied science, it sbould be mentioned that the subjects -i-neluded cover a wide range in the physical sciences as well as in engineeriDg, atid that botany and geology receive some atteintion. There has bee-n some delay in getting out thtis initial nun-iber, -a delav- -wh.ich is. by- no% meansa surp1_VQ_1risn co1nsidering- the% eanormyous labor involved in the editinig and ma-nufacture of a periodical containing such a mass of disconnected iDformatioli,- but the following numbers are promised to follow in rapid successioni. Wbether Pcantobiblion is to be a fiDaincial success or not is more than we can say; but certaiDly e-very oine i-nterested sbould take the first
*shetber
it meets his opportunitvfor exami'ning a copy, to see needs. There is such an enormous amount of matter between the covers that the first impressio-n on us issomewhat a - The University Exte:nsion movement takes so the educational influences of the age, says Nattre, place been needed. that a good account of the system has for Years of UniversitvExtension," by This is supplied in II Roberts, first R. D. Roberts (Cambridge, University Press). as lecturer, thein since 1881 as assistant and organizing secretary to the Carnbridge Syndicate, and since 1886 as secretary to the Society, has bad the best possible opportunities of studying the inew method, and of forming a judgment as to its fitness for the uses to which it is applied. He begins with an accouint of the origin and growth of the movement, then describes the charthe reception of the idea by artisans, and acter of the the signs of earnestness displayed by various classes of students. Mr. Roberts also discusses the conditions of success, has a chapter on the consolidatioin of the work, and presents a summary of results. No essential faet basbeenomitted,and tbegeneral impression which will be left on the minds of most readers probably is that those connected with the movement bave done much to foster a-nd to satisfy the desire of a very large number of persons rules- some of them for intellectual training. There are rather difficult-with which the system must be accord if it is to be capable of furtber development; and these are stated with much fore@ and precision in the useful little volume. -With the June number the Educational Review begins its young men are consecond volume. At this season, wben many the sidering where they will study in Europe, article. on IIThe Professor MatGerman by Universities," the of Condition Preseint toon M. Curtis, bas a timely interest. Other contributions to the by Dr. number are: "1Applicatio-ns of Psyebology in Mary Putnam Jacobi, illustrated with twenty-one diagrams; IIThe Ameriean High School, " by Ray Greene Huling, president of the American Institute of lInstruction; and IIThe Education of the Will," by Professor J. Clark Murray; a discussion between Use Mr. Albert L. Arey and Professor Fernando Sanford on of Text-books in TeachiDg Elementary Science," and one by Suon IITeacbers' Salaries." The reperintendent W. H. views are by Professors Jastrow of the University of Wisconsin, Waggener of the University of Texas, Ve-nable of the University of Virginia, Genung of Amberst, Cbapin of Wollesley, Myers of the University of Cincinnati, etc. The department of IIEducation in Foreign Periodicals " includes IISome Characteristics of a Sound Mind," "1 The School of the Future," and "1 The School for Oriental Languages at Berlin." - The II Annual Report " of the Director of the Royal Alfred Observatory, Mauritius, for the year 1889, as quoted in a recent enjoyed imof Nature, shows that the islaDd bas :munity from storms. The greatest bourly velocity of the wind was 31 miles. The almost total absence of tropical cyclones in the south Indian Ocean during the vear is considered by Dr. Meldrum as another confirmation of the law that these cyclones are fewest in number and least intense in the years of least solar activity. The mean temperature was 0.7°1 below the. average for the last fifteen years, and belo-w the average in.every month except shade temperature was 93.1° July and October. The on June 18. The rainfall the minimum o-n March 27, 8.56 inches above the average; .the greatest fall in one day was 3.88 inches on March 11, although this amount was much exceeded in other parts of the island. On Jan. 1, a waterspout burst on the Pouce Mountain; Port Loui-s was flooded, and some The collection of observations made at sea were is actively carried on; 324 log-books were received, and the observations duly tabulated. The report also contains observations made at the Seychelles and Rodriguez.
appalling.
protminent
anmong
somce timle Mlr.
Eighlteen
Londonl
a.udiences,
certai:cn
brougbt'into
Educa.tion,"
"1Thie
Maxzwell
againl
naumber
wvas
personas
atnd
maximuml 52A4Q
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SRilver, BRurdtIt,- Co7., Bosto-nn,nannouncet " A-n Eleme-.ntary istry in Drake University. Chapter I. of the volumae treats of pure water, and defines the terms puLre and impure, wholesome and unwholesome, from the sanitary standpoint. Chapter II. is devoted to
inorganric constituents; Cbapter Ml., to vegetable con-
SCIENCE.
320
stituents; and Chapter IV., to animal conlstituents. Chapter V. presents a treatise on micro-organisms, Chapters VI., VII., VIII., discuss water-supplies, natural purification, and artificial purification, and Chapter IX. describes eight different systems for central filtration. An appendix, divided into two sections, closes the book. Section A treats of the origin and home of cholera. Section B presents four simple qualitative tests for impurities in dri-nking-water. - Babyhood for June considers the seasonable question, of what to do with children in the city and country, and how to provide for their welfare generally, dulring the heated term; and a medical paper by Dr. Walter Mendelson, on fs Practical Directions for Sterilizing Milk," offers an account of this important subject. -Several new leaflets are to be added to the general series of it Old South Leaflets," published by D. C. Heath- & Co., Boston. All of them are conDnected with the E-nglish Puritan period, and are of value in the study of the development-of our own political liberty and of our political system. They include the i' Petition of Rigbt," presented by Parliament to Kiing Charles in 1628 ; the itGrand Remonstrance;" the "1 Solem-n League a-nd Cove-nant," wbich gave the narme of "1 Covenanters " to the Scottish Protestants; the - Agreement of the People;" the -' Instrument of Governmnent 'under wbich Cromwell began bis governmzent; and " Cromwell's First SpeechbtobhisParliament." These leaflets furnisb these originaP3ocumeiits, heretofore almost inaccessible to ,
[VOL. XVII. NO. 435
the mass of the people, for the few cents covering their cos8t. There are now nearly thirty in the series. -Macmillan &5 Co. will shortly publish "1 Studies of the Gods in Greece at Certain Sanctuaries Recently Excavated," byr Mr. Louis Dyer, formerly assistant professor in Harvard University. The book represents a course of lectures delivered by Mr. Dyer at the Lovvell Institute, Boston; but the material bas undergone very thorough revision, and notes and appendixes have been added on special points. The same firm are also going to publish I" Browning as a Philosophical and Religious Teacher," by Professor Jones of University College. This work deals with Browning, not simply as a poet, but as the e:xponent of a system of ideas on moral and religious subjects, wbich may fairly be called a philosophy. - In tbe June number of The Political Science Quarterly Professor Burgess of Coluimbia College discusses the internatioual and constitutional questions raised by the recent controversy with Italy. He holds that a foreign government whose subjects have been wronged is entitled to demand that the United States Governme-nt should initiate proceedings against wroDg-doers in the United States courts. He finds that t&e Constitution vests in the Federal Government the power to do tbis, but that Congress bas not passed the necessary statutes to make this power effective. Horace White writes on bimetallism in France, showiing that all attempts to keep the two metals in equipoise have proved unsuccessful. F. M. Drew gives an account of the organization anad
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Publications received at Editor's Office,
May 27-June 2.
FRAZE:R, Persifor. Tables for the Determination of M>inerals by Pl-ysical Properties. 3d ed. Philadelpbia, Lippincott. 115 p. 8°. $2. GIcORGFE, Henry. Protection or Free Trade ? New York, Henry Gleorge &; Co. 216 p. 120 . 25 cents. GELEN Echo Chautauqua. Vol. I. No. 1. m. Washington, Glen Echo Chautauqua Assoc. 20 p. 40. 50 cents per year. NOVA Scotia, Annual Report of the Secretary of Agriculture, for the year 1890. Halifax, Govo3rnment. 310 p. 8°. PANTOBIBLION: Internlational Bibliographical Review of the World's Scientifle Literature. Vol. I. No. 1. m.-~A. Ki:RsBA, ed. (St. Petersburg, Paris, Leipzig, Bologna, London), New York, Appleton. 287 p. 80. SLOANE, T. O'C. Tdhe Arithmetic of Electricity. New York, Henly & Co. 138 p. 120. $1.
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JUNE 5, i89,.]
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32I1
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aims of the Farmers' Alliance and kindred bodies. E. J. ReDick of the Treasury Department explains and criticises the method of accounting employed by the United States Government. Gaillard Hunt of the Department of State conltributes a chapter to tbe history of the nullification movemeDt in South Carolina, and Professor Osgood of Columbia concludes his study of the political ideas of the Puritans. The numnber contains also the usual reviews of current political literature, and the semi-an-nual instalment of Professor Dunning's record of political events. - Messrs. Houghton, MiffliD, & Co. have published II Noto : an Unexrplored Corner of Japan," by Perceval Lowell. It is an account of a journey from Tokyo to a comparatively unknown province on the western coast, a journey, however, which proved rather unsuccessful, owing to the impassability of certain parts of the countrv. * The book is written in an affected style, wbich is not to our taste, wbile it gives comparatively little information about the country visited. The author's personality is thrust con-
tinually into the foreground -a fault tbat books of travel are altogether too apt to have. Readers do not care a straw for tlle author's persoinal doings and adventures: what they want is a description of the country visited and of the people wbo inbabit it, andl it is strange that travellers do not realize this. Mr. Lowell's book, bowever, does give some such information, if oyne has the patience to pick it out from the mass of irrelevant matter in which it is embedded. -Photographers have long felt the need of a practical texrtbook on photograpbic optics, than which no subject connected with their work is more important for them thoroughly to understand. To meet the growing demand for such a text-book the Scovill &; Adams Company, of this city, have just published "1 Photographic Optics," by NV. K. Burton. The book is intended for the use of both professional and amateur, has good ill ustrations, sufficient in number for the purpose in view, and should add to the completeness of every photographer's equipment.
POPULJAR MANUAL OF VISIBLE SPEECH AND VOCAL PHYSIOLOGY. For use in Colleges and Normal Schools. Price 5o cents Sent free by post by N. D. C. HODGES, 47 Lafayette Pl.9 N. Y.
os a The phosphates of the system are consumed with every effort, andI exhaustion usually indicates a lack of supply. The Acid Phosphate suppliles the phosphates, thereby relieving exhaustion, and increasing the capacity for labor. Pleasant to the taste.
By A. MELVILLE BELL. Price, 25 Cents. PRIZE ESSAYS OF THE AMERICAN PUBLiC in the Art of Reading Practical Instructions H EALTH ASSOCIATION. Speech from the Mouth; and in the Art of Practical Sanitary and Economic Cooksing Adapted to Persons of Moderate and Small Means.' By MRS. MARY HINMsAN AB;EL. 12mo, 182 pp. Cloth, 40 cents. No. 1. Healthy Homes and Foods for the Working-Classes. By Professor C. Vaughan, M.D. Ann Arbor, Mich. 8vo, 62 pp. Paper, 10 cents. No. 2. The Sanitary Conditions and Necessities of School-Houses and School-Life. By D. F. Lincoln, M.D., Boston, Mass. 8vo, 38 pp. 5 cents. No. 3. Disinfection and Individual Prophylaxis against Infectious Diseases. By Gieorge M. Sternberg, M.D., M^ajor and Surgeon U.S.A. #18vo, 40 pp. Paper, Scents., No. 4. The Preventable Causes of Disease, Inj'ury, and Death in American Manufactories and Workshops, and the Best Means and Appliances for Preventing and Avoiding Them. By George H. Ireland, Springfield, Mass. 8vo, 20 pp. Paper, 5 cents. The four essays (Nos. I, 2, 3, 4) ill one volume of nearly two hundred larg6 octavo pages, thoroughly indexed. C:loth, 50 cenlts.
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Speech Reading and Articulation Teaching, Teaching Articulation to the Deaf. [This Work-written at the suggestion of Miss8 Sarah Fuller, Principal of the Horace Mann School for the Deaf, Boston, Mass.-is, so far as knowvn, the flrst Treatise published on " Speech Reading."] -From Principals of Xnstitutions for the Deaf. II Admirable ill its conciseness, clearness and freedom from technicality." "The simplicity and perfectio'n of this little book. "Full of exract and helpful observations." "A very interesting and valuable work."' "The rules are clearly given and will be of great "Every articulation teacher should study it." "A model of clearness and simplicity, without having any of the puzzling symbols that trouble the common mind. ...The exercises given in speechreading from the lips are especially interesting, and of great importance for the student of phonetics.'* - Modern Langu4age Notes.
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[VOL. XVII . No, 435, Fact and Theory Papers
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rnnu sxnnunu urx X x nv
n fobject is therefore threefold: L. An Illustration of
A Journal of Entomology, published montblby the Cambridge Entornological Club . f rwm s lUnnran X tnnnna ferer fro $2w00 per year, $5.00 per volume of threbe Neryes years. Volume VI. began in January, 1891 L. An introduction to public consideration, Back volumes for sale at $5.00 each. Vol 1-from a -non-medical poi'nt of view, of a con.^. . . ume I. sold only inl complete sets. whc1.l1 is. .ncreasinglY diltion Of . il. .-health ranks of In th e peaetin aXl society. first part of this work the author dwells on R1EAD Y SOOC.V the errors in our mode of tre-ating Neurasthenia~, consequent on the wide ignorance of .the subject-which still prevails; in the secA Journal of two Summer Cruises to tha-Lt oncl part, attention is drawn to the principal region; with notes on its early discovery causes of the malady. The allegory forming on the Eskimo, on its physical geography, th rInrduto to Par te Itroucionto ar I.I.givs brehsisgie aabref geology and natural history, together witlh tory of nervous exhaustion anc4 she modles Of a bibliography of charts, works and,articlei ystreatment which have at various times been relating to the civil and natural history o: Ffthought suitable to this most painful and try r. in dieae the Labrador Peninsula. lug ulsease
THE LABRADOR COAST
By, ALPHEUS SPRING PACKARD, MA1.D Ph.D, 1, 8° , about 400 pp., $3.50.
FOSSIL RESINS.By CLAR ENCE LOWN and H EN RY BOOTH .
an
important contribution to tho literature of the
Columnbian discovery wbich wlll doubtless appear during the comlng two years. " ~~Avaluable contribution to the ' Who were the mound-builderis ? I"'-New question, York Times. " Professor Cyrus Thomas undertakes to trace back the evidences of a single Indtan tribe into the
prehistoric or
mound-beuildincg argfe.',N.YSunn.
V. THE TTR R A O yH .HZN A O. B 12". $ .A.E.
11 The little book is extremely interesting."-BOBqton Tranlscript. readers. The ;"A book which will find many I chapter on I Tornado Insurance is- of in'terest all property-holders in the tornado States-"-Bostornto Herald, 11 I The Torn ado'IS a popular treatise on an important province of meteorology, In which so Jence, the ~~~~~~~author,Professor Hazen of the United States Signal Service, may be regarded as an exrpert."-Phitadel-
By CYRI L BEN NETT. 12-,184pp. $150.VI. TIME-RELATIONS OF MENTAL _
THn
mound3. A.study of a single tribelIn ~were mound testimony. the This work will be 1 light of thebuilders;
T 1]r SA11il I D
fE 1] I A T DV . WINNll M YIPE I CO1tJJUNTRY;nl
OR,
ROUGHING IT WITH AN ECLIPSE PARTY,
~~~~PHENOMENA. " All Students OF
BY JosEopH AsTRW. 120. SC.
psychology wll flnd the
full of interesting facts. ProfessorJastrowl:3 bOOkquaiities as a thinker and as a writer are toogood well and
too widely known to require comnment."-Pulblic "1A useful work for psychologists-as well as the general reader-by forth in and easily form thesetting present state ofbrief in knowledge regard to the time requlred for the performance of mental acts."-The Critic.
This book is the result of an attempt tc ' BY ~~~~~~~~~~~~intelligible collect the scattered notices of fossil resins, A. ROCHESTbER FELL.OW. exclusive of those on amber. The work is off (S. H. SCUDDERt.) interest also on account of descriptions giv7en With thirty-two Illustrations and a Map. VII. HOUSEHOLD HYGIENE. of the insects found embedded in these longMARY TAYLOR. BISSIELL. 120. 75 cents. f C $O1.50 ~~~12. _ 1S . w1.tJU. ss~~~~~1 A sensible brochure."-Brooklyn Eagle. preserved exudations from early vegetation. "The storyIs a piquant, good-humored, entertain" Practical anld sensible."1-Puzblic Opinion.
THE RADIOMETER, By DANIEL S. TROY.
By
ing narrative of a canoe voyage. A neater, prettier " The advice and excellent information which it book is seldom seen."-Literary TWorld. conltains are tersely anldintelligently expressed.?'" This is a sprightly narrative of personal inciBostonM2edical anvd Surgical Journal. dent. The book will be a pleasanit reminder to isPractical and simply wrltten."7-Springfield Remanly of rough e2rcperiences on a frontier which is, nutblcanrapidly receding."-B6ston Transcript. --~*The monograph on home hygiene.,,-St.
b%est
picture of our desolate North-western terri- Louis Globe-Democrat. This will contain a discussion of the reasons toiry"The years ago, in contrast with its tw-entyr-flve In Prejparation. aspect to-day, and the pleasant features of for their action and of the phenomena pre- civilized writer's constitute style, THE FIRST .the YEAR OF CH ILD.theclaims of his little VIII. sented in Crookes' tubes. book to present attention."-The Dial. HOOD. BY J. MARK BALDWVIN.
N. D. C. HODGES, '7Lafayette Place., New York.
