Record No. 1968 /87
Seismicity of the Territory of Papua & New Guinea 1966
by
D. Denham, W.M.J. Byrne, and J.R. Wi! kie
The information contained in this report has been obtained by the Department of National Development as part of the policy of the Commonwealth Government to assist in the exploration and development of mineral resources. It may not be published in any form or use in a company prospectus or statement without the permission in writing of the Director, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.
CONTENTS
1.
INTRODUCTION
1
2.
E;1\RTHQUAKE ANALYSIS
1
3.
FELT lNTENSITY MEASUREMBNTS
4
4.
CONCLUSIONS ANDREC01vIMENDATIONS
7
5.
ACKl:rmyrJEDQID.nillifTS
7
6.
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
.
..
-
7
Modified Mercalli intensity scale of 1931
8
TABLE 1.
Papua and New Guinea earthquakes 1966 (epicentres . located within range 00_100S and 1400-156°E)
10
TABLE 2.
Values of log Aofor local earthquakee
15
TABLE 3.
Papua New Guinea felt reports 1966
16
TABLE 4.
Seismograph station descriptions
24
TABLE 5.
Seismograph station instrumentation
25
ILLUSTRATIONS Plate 1,
Locations of seismic stations and epicentres of earthqpakes with magnitudes greater than 5 (G82/4-65)
Plate 2.
Depth distribution of earthquakes
(G82/4-66)
Magnitude distribution of earthquakes
(G82/4-67 )•
. P:Late 3.
I
Plate 4.
Modified Mercalli intensities felt from earthquakes of 22nd February and 6th October (G82/4-68)
Plate 5.
Modified Mercalli intensities felt from earthquake of 7th October ' (G82/4-69)
Plate 6.
Modified Mercalli intensities felt from earthquake of 25th October (G82/4-70)
Plate 7.
Modified Merct;l.l1i intensities felt frpm earthquake of 14th . (G82/4-71) Deoember
Plate 8~
Modified Mercalli intensities felt from earthquake of 23rd December (G82/4-72)
Plate 9.
Earthquake questionnaire form
1968/87 .
(G82/4-54)
SIIMMA.RY . 1966 was seismically 4 comparatively quiet year in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. Only four earthquakes occurred with magnitudes greater than six. The only significant earthquake damage reported during the year was on 23rd December 1966, when the SEACOM cable was damaged in the Num:Gulf. The shock which caused this effect was the largest originating in the Territory during 1966 and it 'occurred under the sea about 100 miles south-east of Lae.
1. INTRODUCTION Data on the seismicity of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea up to the end of 1965 have been given by Brooks (1963) and in the Annual Reports of the Port Moresby Geophysical Observatory (see for example Denham, 1967). In recent years the importance of earthquake risk in engineering projects has become most apparent. With the multi-million dollar projects by Conzino Riotinto of Australia in Bougainville and Harrisons and Crossfield in New Britain and the overall increase in large Europeantype building structures the problem of earthquake risk has ceased to be merely an academic problem. It is now of great practical importance. . Port Moresby now has a twelve-storey office block in the town centre; in Lae a large three-storey building is to be erected to house the Territory's Higher Institute of Technology; at Goroka a two-milliondollar hospital is under construction and plans are being prepared for the construction of a 70-megawatt hydro-electric power station near Kainantu in the Eastern Highlands. Provided that the flow of capital into the Territory continues at about the same rate as at present, then projects such as these will become common, and the question of earthquake risk and earthquake insurance will become a significant factor in the economic development of the country.
•
Bpcause of the growing interest in seismology and earthquake engineering in the Territory, it is now intended to produce annually a separate report which will catalogue all known earthquakes originating in the Territory and which will provide statistics on felt reports and any other relevant factors. total of eleven different seismic stations were occupied during 1966. Five were controlled by the Port Moresby Geophysical Observatory (PMG, DNG, KRG, LAN, TIT) and the other six by the Vulcanological Observatory at Rabaul. The instrumental constants, standard abbreviations of station names, geographical position, dates of operation, and other information are given in Tables 4 and 5. 2. EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS Epicentral locations Table 1 lists all the earthquakes originating in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea that were recorded by enough stations for reliable epicentral determinations to be carried out by USCGS. Plate 1 shows the locations of all the earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 5 and also the position of the recording stations that were used in the Territory throughout the year. -
Most of,the earthquake data were abstracted from the monthly summaries of preliminary determinations of epicentres (PDE) produced by USCGS. In addition, 17 earthquakes, not included in the PEE reports have been incorporated in the list. These were obtained by examining the seismic bulletins from South Pole, Charters Towers, Brisbane, Warramunga, Port Moresby, Rabaul, and other local' stations, and selecting events which were recorded by five or more stations but which had not been analysed by USCGS. A total of 71 such events were found during 1966,
^
-2of which only 17 gave reliable solutions. The computations for these earthquakes were carried out by USCGS on request. The results from the other 54 events were unreliable mainly because all the recording stations were situated to the south of the earthquake. Until more stations are established on the New Guinea mainland and the neighbouring islands this situation will continue. Magnitudes
Most of the magnitudes listed were obtained from the USCGS monthly simmaries. Where no magnitude was listed the Port Moresby WoodAnderson seismographs were used to obtain a usable value. Wood-Anderson seismographs were first used in California (Richter, 1958) to determine the magnitudes of local earthquakes on the so-called Richter scale. The formula used to evaluate magnitudes was MI = log A - log A o^(1) where M1. is the Richter magnitude, A the maximum trace excursion in millimetres for a particular earthquake, and log A o an empirical constant which depends on the epicentral distance of the earthquake. Logarithms are taken to the base 10. It is not possible to apply equation (1) directly to the Port Moresby Wood-Andersons because their magnifications are slightly different from the standard instruments used by Richter. Furthermore the log Ao term which was applied in California does not necessarily apply in Papua and New Guinea. In general the Richter magnitude M I will be given by (^( VwaA')^(Vwa . A')^ )E^log Ao' ( 2) log :7 ML =^( log^+ ) N^ ( --
where V wa is the magnification of the standard Wood-Anderson at period t, .
Vt is the magnification of the Port Moresby instrument at period t, A' is the maximum'traceamplitude in Millimetres, Log A' 0 is an appropriate constant dependent on the distance of the earthquake, and
-
N and E refer to the north-south and east-west components ,respectively.
Log A ' will usually be different from log A o because in equation (1) the amplitudes are measured centre-to-peak and in equation (2) peak- to peak. . -
Substituting the results from the static magnification tests' into equation (2) we get for the Port Moresby Wood-Andersons: mb (PMG) =^(log (1.46A') N + log (1.7310 E (
^-
log A'
o^(3)
-3.They3nly unknown in this equation is the log A' term To determine this factor and to take the Wood-Anderson magnaudes Compatible with the body wave magnitudes nib (CGS) determined by USCGS, the values of mb .(CGS) for most of the Territory earthquakes which occurred during 1964 and 1965 were substituted into equation (3) to give log Al o in each case. Over. 90 earthquakes were used. in the analysis and Table 2 gives the adopted values of log P o . There is a constant difference of about .0.7 between the constants given by Richter (loc .cit) and those 'shown in Table 2. .A difference of 0.3 between these tables is expected because A' is usually about twice A. The rest of the difference is . due to the fact that equation (3) was solved for body wavemagnitudes mb and not Richter magnitudes M T. , and also because source and. propagation conditions in California are pr6bably considerably different from those in the Territory. Using the constants in Table 2, body wave magnitudes were computed from the Wood-Anderson seismograms at Port Moresby. All the magnitudes listed in Table 1 which are asterisked have been calculated in this way. Earthquake activity 1966 Compared with the previous eight years, 1966 was comparatively quiet. In' fact, since 1958, only 1963 has been quieter. Four earthquakes occurred with a magnitude of six or greater; these are listed below and are also shown in Plate 1. Date
Feb.^22:.
Apr. 1 Dec.^14 ' Dec. 23
,^Lat.. (os)
Lon,. (oE
Depth '('m)
-37..2^.:
5.4
28 112
68 53
Origin time
Q5
'
.05
21
09.7
5.8
151.5 149.1
21 15
07 50
'51.6
4.87 7,..13,
144.00 . 148.32
21.6
Magnitude nib
6.2 6.1^. 6.0
6..4
The earthquake of 23rd December 1966 accounted for about half the seismic energy released in the Territory during 1966. Fortunaely this earthquake occurred at sea under the Huon Gulf and was not a shallow event. Nevertheless it was felt with an intensity of V on the Modified Mercalli (MM) scale (see Appendix) at a distance of over 200 miles from the epicentre and it damaged the SEACOM cable which had just been laid in the vicinity of the epicentre. The second largest shock (22nd February) occurred in East New Britain near Pomio. It was followed by over 12 after-shocks having magnitudes of 5 or above and gave rise to the highest reported felt intensity during the year (VII-VIII at Drina).
-4.., The .April event '[las apparently not felt anywhere, but the shock of 14th December lNas felt over the whole of the New Guinea mainland from Finschhafen to the West Irian border. The maximum felt intensity was VI on the north coast of New Guinea near Wewak. Plate 2 shows the depth distribution of earthquakes during 1966 and the energy distribution using the expression given by Richter (loc cit) for body wave magnitudes: log, E ~, 5.8 + 2.4 ~
(4)
Most of the energy was released in the 40 to 60-km depth range. The geographical location of the earthquakes folloVis trends similar to those outlined in previous years. ThePomio region of East New Britain was the most' active, and the large number of shocks occurring in this locality is clearly shown in Plate 1. The dee~est event was situated at a depth of about 510 km (Table 1, date 0828) about 50 miles north-east of Buka Island. The only other deep event was located at 415 km (date 0721) and was also situated near BW(a Island. Plate 3 is a histogram showing all the earthquakes occurring in the Territory during 1966 for which' a magnitude determination was possible. This includes not only!;the events listed by USCGS but also all the shocks that produced a measurable deflection on the WoodAnderson seismographs at Port Moresby. A total of 426 earthquakes were examined in this way. As can be seen from the diagram, the well-known relationship (Richter, loc cit)
holds down to magnitude 5. In this expression N is the number of earthquakes in the magnitude range M ± ~M, where 2 AM is 0.5, and a and b are constants. Many earthquakes below magnitude 4 are not detected. Plate 3 , indicates that, assuming equation(5)holds, over 200 shocks in the magnitude range 4.5 to 5.0, and over a thousand in the 4.0 to 4.5 range, were not recorded well enough to be included in the analysis. There is evidently a great need for more seismic recording stations within the Territo~ if all the shocks down to magnitude 4 are to be properly located.
3.
FELT INTENSITY MEASUREMEN"TS
In August 1966 the earthquake questionnaire form shown in Plate 9 was distributed to nearly 400 observers over the whole of the Territory. The aim was to build up a reliable catalogue of felt reports which could be used as an aid to defining seismic risk zone.' From the engineering view-point, intensity measurements by themselves are difficult to evaluate because the data obtained cannot be easily related to definite accelerations or velocities. Many factors such as the spectrum of the original earthquake, the response of the ground, the response of the buildings, and the like have to be considered before an accurate quantitative evaluation of the situation can be made.
-5In the near future it is hoped that accelerometers will be set up at several sites in active seismic zones and then it will ,be possible to examine the relationship between intensity observations and accelerations. In the meantime, felt reports have to be relied upon for all earthquake risk evaluations. Initially the Modified Mercalli intensity scale (see Appendix) is being used but this only applies to European-type communities and' is to a certain extent inapplicable to the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. The establishment and operation of an adequate network of reliable felt intensity reporting stations in one of the most rugged inhabited countries in the world, with a mainly illiterate population, poses many difficulties: 1.
The population distribution is very uneven, with the highest concentrations in the New Guinea Highlands and the northern part of the island of New Britain. The lack of reporting stations in areas such as between the New Guinea Highlands and the Sepik River seriously affects the drawing of isoseismals for earthquakes in this active seismic region. .
2.
Buildings with more than twelve storeys do not exist at present in the Territory of Papua New Guinea and consequently the detection of MM I and II is almost impossible. Such effects as long-period oscillation of branches of trees are unlikely to be observed. Reference to traffic, windows, furniture, glassware, crockery, hanging pictures, pendulum clocks, bells, tanks, chimneys, masonry rails, etd. is, except for the European settlements, irrelevant in a Territory intensity scale. Native constructions vary considerably throughout, from huts On stilts over the water to low thatch grass dwellings. All are likely to be very flexib,le as much use is made of bamboo, and are unlikely to suffer earthquake damage except in severe shocks. An intensive study would be required to determine a felt intensity scale corresponding to such constructions.
3.^Almest total illiteracy of the native population severely
restricts the distributi on of reporting stations. The staff of Administration offices have a heavy work-load and are often out on patrol, but they are. usually the only personnel who are sufficiently responsible to complete a simple questionnaire. EVen Mission and Native Primary School teachers have some difficulty in filling out the questionnaire. -
Territory communications to remote locations are very sporadic and letters often take several weeks to reach their destination, especially to patrol posts without an air strip nearby. Between Port Moresby and Bougainville an airmail letter can take at least a week. .
Telephone and phonogram services link the main centres but often only a morning and afternoon schedule is operative and contact is sometimes intermittent. It is often impossible to obtain rapidly any information about possible damage.
Since the intensity programme began, an earthquake inspection of the damage has not occurred, but, depending an the site, extreme difficulty may be encountered in obtaining firstly a preliminary on-site description and also in getting to and inspecting the site in rugged country. It is likely that an aerial inspection of landslides etc. would be all that could be achieved in many instances. The earthquake questionnaire form shown in Plate 9 was designed to be as simple as possible and yet achieve a maximum amount of information. Most questions can be answered simply by underlining the most suitable word, but space is left for comment. Since the questionnaire is mostly completed by Europeans, European-type building materials and furnishings are emphasised. Business reply-post envelopes are forwarded with each questionnaire. Initially about 150 Department of District Administration offices in all districts were supplied with the questionnaire, and shortly afterwards Administration and Mission schools were included, giving A total number of reporting centres of 380 throughout the Territory. The response to the project has been satisfactory considering the amount of work Administration officers have to perform and also the lack of understanding by native school teachers. Table 3 presents a chranologiral list of felt reports for 1966. Included in the list are felt intensities reported to the Rabaul Vulcanological Observatory, which operates a felt intensity network for the purpose of monitoring tremors caused by volcanic activity. Plates 4 to 8 show the felt intensities for six of the more widely felt earthquakes during 1966. Three areas seem to be particularly susceptible to earthquake damage; these are the Markham River valley, the area between Wewak and the Sepik River mouth, and East New Britain. The isoseismal pattern of the shock of 26th February 1963 (Observatory Staff, 1967, Plate 1) indicated that the sedimentary area around Popondetta would be prone to earthquake damage, but although the pattern of the earthquake of 23rd December 1966 (Plate 8) was elongated to the south and east, higher intensities were not felt in the Popondetta area. A further interesting feature of the latter earthquake is the rapid decrease in felt intensity across New Britain. This earthquake damaged the SEACOM cable linking Madang and Australia. Generally the direction of felt motion was random, but in the case of the earthquake of 14th December 1966 (Plate 7) stations in the Prince Alexander Mountains region to the north-west of the epicentre reported NE-SW motion indicating that the S wave was felt most strongly. Noise accompanying earthquakes has been reported from intensities of two and upwards, and mainly sounds like "rolling a galvanised iron tank".
With the continued co-operation of District Administration officers and school teachers a much more detailed earthquake response pattern should be available in the future.
-7-
4ft'. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS This report is an attempt to put on to a systematic b~sis the analysis of earthquakes and their effects in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. I~ shows that the New Guinea region of the Territory is par~ of a very highly seismic area where earthquake risk should always be considered in any building project. Instrumentation for the recording of earthquakes expanded greatly in 1966 with the establishment of reliable outstations at Esa'Ala, Lae, Tabele, and other centres. However, with the locations unknown for over a thousand earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 4, -the recording network can hardly be considered adequate. Stations are urgently required on the New Guinea mainland and on New Britain and Bougainville if a proper evaluation of the seismicity of the area is to be obt~;ined~ There is also a need for strong motion equipment to be installed in areas of high seismic risk where building projects are planned. Most of the New Guinea centres such as Rabaul, Lae, Madang, and Wewak are d~veloping areas where the earthquake risk is high.· A network of strong motion equipment should be installed as soon as practicable. 5~
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The results contained in this report would not have been possible without the help and co-operation of many outside bodies. The authors would particularly like to thank: 1.
Th~
2.
The Rabaul Vulcanological Observatory for supplying many of the felt reports listed and the qata on the instrumentation of the stations operated by the Central Observatory, Ra.bal,ll.
3.
The many volunteer reporters who h~ve co~operated most enthusiastically in our scheme to record felt effects of earthquakes throughout the Terri tory •
USCGS for special earthquake epicentral determinations.
6 ]:,
REFERENCES
BROOKS, J,A.
1963
Earthquake Activity and Seismic RiSk in Papua and New Guinea. Bur.Min.Resour.Aust.Rec. 1963/162.
DENHAM,. D.
1967
Port Moresby Geophysical Observatory Ar.nual Report, 1965. Bur.Min.Resour.Au.st.Rec. 1967/1 18
RICHTER, C,F.
1958
ELEMENTARY SEISMOLOGY. San Francisco, W. H. Freeman and Company.
OBSERVATORY STAFF
Port Moresby Geophysical Observatory Annual Report, 1964. Bur. Min. Resour.Aust .Rec. 1967/2.
-8-
APPENDIX MODIFIED MERCALLI INTENSITY SCALE OF 1931 , (Abridged and rewritten) I.^Not felt. Marginal and long-period effects of large earthquakes.
Felt by persons at rest, on upper floors, or favourably placed. Felt indoors. Hanging objects swing. Vibration like passing of light trucks. Duration estimated. May not be recognised as an earthquake. IV.
-
Hanging objects suing. Vibration like passing of heavy trucks; or sensation of a jolt like a heavy ball striking the walls. Standing motor cars rock. Windows, dishes, doors rattle. Glasses clink. Crockery clashes. In the upper range of IV wooden walls and frame creak.
V.
Felt outdoors; direction estimated. Sleepers wakened. Liquids disturbed, some spilled. Small unstable objects displaced or upset. Doors swing, close, open. Shutters, pidtures move. .Pendulum clocks stop, start, change rate.
VI.
Felt by all. Many frightened and run outdoOrs. Persons walk usteadily. Windows, dishes, glassware broken. Xnicknacks, books, etc., off shelves. Pictures off walls. Furniture moved or overturned. . Weak plaster and masonry D cracked. Small bells swing (church, school). Trees, bushes shaken.
VII.
Difficult to. stand. Noticed by drivers of motor cars. Hanging objects quiver. Furniture broken. Damage to masonry D, including cracks. Weak chimneys broken at roof line. Fall of plaster, loose bricks, stones, tiles, cornices. Some cracks in masonry C. Waves on ponds; water turbid with mud. Small slides and caving in along sand or gravel banks. Large bells ring. Conrete irrigation ditches damaged.
VIII.
Steering of motor cars affected. Damage to masonry C; partial collapse. Some damage to masonry B; none to masonry A. Fall of stucco and some masonry walls. Twisting, fall of chimneys, factory stacks, monuments, towers, elevated tanks. Frame houses moved on foundations if not bolted down; loose panel walls thrown out. Decayed piling broken off. Branches broken from trees. Changes in flow or temperature of springs and wells. Cracks in wet ground and on steep slopes.
IX.
General panic. Masonry D destroyed; masonry C heavily damaged, sometimes with complete collapse; masonry B seriously damaged. Frame structures, if not bolted, shifted off foundations. Frames cracked. Serious damage to reservoirs. Underground pipes broken. Conspicuous cracks in ground. In alluviated areas sand and mud 'ejected, earthquake fountains, sand craters. .
-9•X.^Most masonry and frame structures destroyed with their foundations. Some well-built wooden structures and bridges destroyed. Serious damage done to dams, dikes, embankments. Large landslides. Water thrown on banks of canals, • rivers, lakes, etc. Sand and mud shifted horizontally on beaches and flat land. Rails bent slightly. XI.^Rails bent greatly. Underground pipelines completely out of • _service. XII.^Damage nearly total. Large rock masses displaced. Lines of sight and level distorted. Objects thrown into the air. •
-10MI/ 3E zLarthkes166 Faun
° °
° °
(Epicentres located within range 0 - 10 S and 140 -156 E)
Date
Origin time (TU.)
Lat (°S)
Lcng ( E)
9.8 9.7 6.4 5.0 5.2 6.6 6.8
154.7 33 154.8 07 1148.6 52 147.5 100 152.6 47 154.6 64 155.2 75
148.3 88 147. 0 2 0 4 142.6 104 153.4 48
°
Depth (km)
0101 0101 0102 0106 0107 0110 0111
12 16 03 04 14 16 09
24 10 25 54 57 12 51
30.3 20.5 32.8 52.5 43.7 14.7 47.0
0114
07 09 14 08 18 22 23 12 15 20
39
13.2
22
19.3
30
44 05.7 40.7
5.9 5.3 4.9 5.3 5.7
42.3 25.3 40,2
7.1 7.1 5.6
23.4 14.6
5.2 3.8
152.2
33
3.7 5.4
152.0 151.5
36
0116 0116
0118 0120 0204 0205 0207 0210
0212
00
38 14 14 22 51
15
152.1 155.1
13 88
70 47 150.6 155
155.4 146.3
Magnitude^Felt reports 90^(and intensity)
5.6 5.1
4.6 4.4* 5.3 5.9 4.6
5.4 4.6 4.7* 4.9* 4,6* 5,0 5.0 5.3 5.3 4.8*
Ruin Buin^Torokina (II)
Torokina (III)
Rabaul (III) Londolovit (III)
0212
0222
23 05
37 02
54.2 37.2
28
5.5 6.2
Drina (VII-VIII)
Rabaul (VII) Malmalmal(VI-VII) Bialla Kokopo^IV-V
Karlai^IV), etc,
0222 0222 0222 0222 0222 0222
05
57
06 17 18 18 19
25 24 18
0224
04
0224 0224
08 20
0226
05
0226
06 20
0227 0301 0302 0304
00 20 04
26
10,1 55.6 09,7 36.4 11.8 52.0
17 45
38.0 32.2
08
57.0 28.1 23,0 36.3
43
34
50 25
57 13 10
45.1 33.5 08.6
5.5 5,6 5.6 5.6
5,5 5.5 4.3 5.5 6.1 4.9 5.4 5.8
3.0 5.5 5.4
151.4 150.7 151.8 147.4
55 51 55 58 59 64 96 59 59
4.5* 4.9 5.5 5.3 4.9 4.4* 4.4 5.5
151.1
51
151.7
4.8
59
151.8 151.4
151.5 151.5 151.4
151,8
123 21 48
151.7
56
148.5
147.7
5,0
Kckopo (II)
5,1
5,0 5,0 5.2
4.8
Rabaul (III) Polpio (I)
Ori'in time U.T.)
Lat (Os
Lon, ( ° E)
0314
19
34^24.4
4. 0
152.9
19
4.1*
0315 0316 0316 0317
23 10
09^33.9 58^53.9
2.6 6.2
140.3 149.1 153.6 148.4
33 56 33
4.8 5.0
140.5 140,4 149.5 149.3 145.2 153.0 149.1
33 13 42 110 33 78
5.5 4.9 5.0 4.7 5.0 4.4* 4.6
23
4.5
0321 0321
0324
0324 0326
0329 -0330
14 57^•40.7 08 19^17,5 16. 00^21.7
3.0 4.7 2.6
1.9 13 17
44^13.8 03^40,2 31 ^46.7
2.6
13
13^45.7
22 18
13^22.2 29^09.9
05 21^09.7 0401 0402 11 01^37.8 0403 07 38^40.9 0404 .06 17^45.1 0404 10 30^26.9 0405 18 59^54.1 17 02^39.4 0406 16 26^41.9 04 0 7 17 15^42.5 0407 .0408 10 32^- 06.9 08 08^01.4 0414 19 16^00,6 0414 0421 22 45^18,0 05 57^12,0 ,0423 0425 04 57^52.3 0501 10 50^52.8 0501 12 57^12.2 0501 13 14^47.4 0501 23 24^15.9 0502 09 52^48.5 0502 11 23^58.8 05 02^14.7 0513 03 38^10,2 0515 0517 05 40^19.7 0519 11 38^25.7 0521 19 .05^17.0 02 52^12.7 0522 03 25^19.8 0522 0522 21 36^37.4 00 02^49.5 0523 0525 -07. - 42 - 44.7 0526 al 38^17..9 0528 22 23^45.3 0529 15 20^54.0 0601 03 48^49.2 0606 oo 52^08,8 .
Depth Magnitude^Felt reports (and intensity) mb^
Date .
1.7 5.7 3.5 4.7 5.8 3.6 8.4 5.R 5.5 5.9 4.1 5.9
5,6 8,2 5,2
3.8 4.5 4,4 5.8 4.5 3.6 3.5 4.3
6.0
6.2 7.2 5.2 5.7 5.2 5.3 7.4 7.4 6.4 7.4 4. 8 5.6 4.4 4.6 5. 8 2.7
140.3
151.1
156.4 151.6 151.7 147.6 152.0 152.5 151.7 156.4 141.5 151.4 152.0 - 144.1 148.9 153.5 143.0 -143.0 144.3 149.7 150.0 146.3 152.2 151.6 153.7 153.2 155.5 155.7 147.0 155.8 153.2 151.5 153.4 153.7 151.2 150.6
181 16
112 62
47 56 61 199 64 58 31 15 33
118
100 125
102
21 33 139 52 65 177 56 56 48
81
83 100 110 111 104 50 122 95 61 33
Londolovit, (III) Rabaul (II)
5.1*
6.1
4.8
5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1 4.9 5.2 5.1 4.6* 5.1 5.3 4.9 5.4*
4.8
Salamo (11) Rabaul (III) Rabaul (11)
Telefomin (IV) Rabaul (1)
4.9* Yangoru (II-III) 5.3* Lumi (II) 4.7 Walindi (IV) 5.2 4.5 4.5* 4.7 5.0 4.1 4.5 Buin (IV-V) 5.6 Buin (III) 5.3 4.7 5.4 5.3* 5.0* Rabaul (II) 5.4 Londolovit (II) 4.8 Palmalmal (IV-V) 5.5 4.6
-12.-
Date
0606
0607
Origin time TU.)
let (o s )
Lon, (oE
10 10
6.4 5.1
153.2 151.1
05
0608 0610
21 12
0618 0618
00 19
0620 0621
04 13
0617
0619 0621
0622
0624
0624 0625
0628
0630 0705 0705 0706 0707 0717 0719
0719
0721
0721
0725 0726 0728 0805
0805
oslo
0810 0810 0811 0812
0820 0821 0826 0827 0828 0901 0905 0907 0907
15
07
58
21
15 06
30 15 52
13.0 50.5
52.2
05.7 26.7
01.0 24.4 20.2
14 32
48.8
13
48.6
07 18
24
27.0
01
17
16
19
02
la 57
39.0 18.3 02.5
6.1 6.1 6.2
162
65 27 46 72 104
4.8 4.8
144.2 154.3 141.0 159.7 147.4
55 415 39 56 65
5.2
146.4
27.6 48.1
5.5 4.8
20.1
57 47 49 36
44.6 42.2 18.5 40.0 14.0 00.0 00.0
4. 8 5.0 3.4 6.0 5.9 2.3 5.4 4.9 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.0
37
17.8 37.0
7.3 5.2
153.6 153.2 1510 151.7 151.7 147.2 152.0 144.4 1530 147.6 149.9
5.4 7.5 8.7 5.1
153.4 155.9 156.5 154.7
14
58
05
13
20 05 08
15
16 12
13
15 17 16
23 07 12 10 10 20 06 05 15
23
11 50
40 15
38 44 33
07
05 01 03 36 52 53 55
51.1
16.9 35.9
05.0 13.8 12.1
01.7
03.0 48.9
51.1 45.7 11.5
4.6
155.0 146.9 151.4 146.4 146.8 147.5 151.1 142.2 154.5 153.6 143.1
6.4
144.6
09.3 45.6
11
4.7* 5.0 5.4
145.5
5.2
14 03 17
02.2
61 53 77 33 17 54 57
.3
8.8
35.7 59.2 42.4
06
4.5*
146
5.4
2.8
3.3
38 ol ,49 07^49
41.8
16
147.5 149.8 146.7 141.6 143.2 149.5 151.8
6.3 5.3 5.0 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.8 3.2
39 44 15 48 51
Depth Magnitude^Felt reports ( 1,021 ) (uli intensity)
6.2
5.8
4.6
141.2
155.2
42 95
121 155
181
123 32 61
19 80
86 40 63 55 34 73 ss 68
68
5.0 5.2
5.4
4.5* _5.5 4.7 5.3 5.6 4.4* 5.6 5.0 4.7
5.0 5.3
5.0 4.2*
406
Piva (IV) Saidor pI-IV) Saidor^II-III)
Kiunga (II-III) Telefonin (IV) Tari (III) Erave (II-III) Tsumba (II) Pagei (V)
4.7* 5.4
5.6
4.4* 5.3 5.1 5.5 4.3* 5.2*
Rabaul (III) Rabaul (II)
minj (III)
5.1
135
4.4*
60 52 77
4.3* 5.2 5.3 5.5
509 80
Losuia (I-II)
Morobe (II-III)
5.6
Wakunai Tinputz^III
-13-
Long E .(o
Depth. Magnitude^Felt reports ( km ) mb^. (and intensity)
Date
Origin in time U.T.)
Lat (os)
0911
07
03
18.1
6.3
147.3 78
5.3
03
5? 02.0 59 53.3 06 37.8 49 36.4
6.0
147.0
87 142.8 117 144.2 19 145.8 106
4.4* 3.9* 5.2 5,2* Bundi (IV)
0916 0917
0919 0920
18 06
11
4.1 3.7 5.9
Wau(II-III) Chauve (III)
-
0923 0927 0927 1001
04 05 19 • 07
1006
51 49 15 52 21 54 03 11
1006
11
1003
1007 1007 1007
1014
1015
1016
1017 1020 1020 1021 1022
_1023 1025
48.3 02.5 26.8 23,6 21.9 03.3
8.7 5.9 5.1 5.5 3.4 6.2
157.3 151. 0 151.9 149.4 140.3 146,4
04,9 16 33 28.3 19 55 26.4 23 04 08.1
3.9 5.6 5.5 4.4
139.9 34 147.3 169 146.2 163 143.1 95
5.2 4.5* 4.3* 5.3 Ambunti (IV)
07 35
6.0 4.8 4.8 4.2
154.6 153.5 153.2 143.4
4.5 4.8* 5.3- Rabaul (IV-V) 5.1 4.9 Malabunga (III)
3.5
146.1 34 146.0 179 147.6 59
5.2 5.0 4.8
5.6
147.2
155.2 34 67
5.0 5.3
4.2.
152.9, 57
4.9
16
02
20 18 29 17
13
20 13 15 15
03
11.4 40.6 19.6
01 .6 23.4 -
46.9
5.2
44.6
7.1
.09 15 48.2
6.5
04
45 04.1
03
00
26
36.5
6.8
151.6
39 55
68
152 33 113
224 86 105 100 88
4.4* 4.9 4,8* 4.3* 5.5 Ion-onka (III-IV)
Arau (V) Kompri (III-IV) Kalalo (III-IV) Aiyura (III-IV) Chevasing (III-IV)
May River (III-IV) Mande pI-IV) Mendi
•
1026
Kainantu (III) Chauve (III) Henganofi (II) Kfindidua
18
28. 58.2
Wapet (III)
Chevasing (III) Pindiu (II) Wantoat (II) Lae (IV) Babpump (IV-V) Sangan (IV) Mumeng (IV) Arau (IV) °bum (IV)
Mioko Is (IV)
Kokopo (III-IV Malabun,za (III Rabaul (III-IV
-14-
Date
Origin Time
Lat ( (D S)
Long ( ° E)
1027
22
7.4
1029 1102
22 20
20.5 27.8
00
11.3
25.6
7.5
09 10
37 46
40.5 06.2 35.5
5.7 6.0 4.7
146.9 155.7 156.7 153.6 146.9 151.6 153.0
137 67 107 34 147
15.7
5.9
152.2
30.8 08.6
3.0
141.6
4.9^IPagei (II) 4.8 4.8 4.6* 4.7*
4.9 4.5 4.6^Malabunga (III)
1029 1105 1105
1106 1107
1115
1116
1116
1118
1119 1119
1120 1122 1125 1128 1128 1129
07
01
20 20 02 03
26 08 35
28 26 05 26 39
08 06
02 56
14
50
04 04 20 03
21 11
57 04
6.8
6.2
Depth Magnitude^Felt reports mb^(and intensity) (km)
64
68
6.2 6.6 5.8 4.3 5.6
153.3 147.3 152.2 144.1 147.2
50 33 72 80 47 154 157
37.4 56.7 09.9
5.8 8.4 5.4
152.2 147.7 151.3
58 14 74
154.8 154.3 151.5 154.4 143.7
13 114 178 87 63
46.0 45.9
38.8 19.2
51.5
6.4
153.8
128
1201 1204 1209
08 06
17 32
10.1 06.7
09 23 14
49 23 54
41 . 6 22.3 43.3
7.4 6.6 4.9 6.4 4.1
1210 1214
18 21
08 07
14.4 51.6
3.6' 4.87
145.4 144.0
33 68
1215
5.1
5.0*^Konga (III-IV)
4.6* 4.6 4.2* 5.0^Londolovit 5.0^Londolovit (II 5.0
4.0* {Imonda (III)
5.0
5.0
4.2* 4.7 5.2^Mande (III)
Kreer (III)
5.7
6.0^Kaup (VI) Kundiawa (V) Koroba (V-VI) Wewak (T-VI) Minj (V-VI) Aiome (V-VI),eto.
09
26
52.6
5.8
14 09
147.2
91
32 43
20.7 55.8
1223
15
50
5.5 5.4 6.7 7.13
147.4 146.2 154.9 148.32
179 60 89 53
4.8 7.9
152.1 145.2
150.1
106 33 48
5.9 5.9
148.1 145.4 148.6
5.0 3.8* 4.7
79 53
4.8 4.1*
1225 1225
1225 1226 1227 1231
01
14 15
20 01 05 12
12
26 42
21 08 42 09
45.2
21.6 31.7 04.5 53.9 23.9
17.2 13.8
* See page
1.8 7.1 3
120
Pomio (III) Rabaul (II)
4.2*
1215
1218 1221
Malabunga (II)
5.0 5.0 4.3* 4.8
6.4^Pindiu (VI) Kabwum (ii-VI) Kwikila (V-VI),etc.
5.0
-15TABLE 2 Values of log A o for local earthquakes .
Lio -
-Log
A9
-Log A '
5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7
A'
1.0 1.1
2.4 2.4
3.Q 3.1
1.2^.
2.5
3.2
1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7
1.7 1.8
2.8 2.8
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7
3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8
3.8
3.8
5.8
1.9 2.0
2.9
3.9
3.0
4.0
2.1
3.0
4.1
3.9 3.9 3.9
5.9 6.0 6.1
2.2
3.0
4.2
4.0
6.2
2.3 2.4 2.5
3.1 3.1 3.2
4.3 4.4 4.5
2.6
3.2
4.6
2.7
3.3 3.4 3.4
4.7 4.8 4.9
4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2
6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8
2.8
2.9
5.9
4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7
A' 0 ,
7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1
8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9
-Log A' 0 = mb (CGS) -^(log (1.46V) 17 + log( 1 .7 3 A')E ) = maximum peak-to-peak trace amplitude in mm Epicentral distance in degrees
4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9
-16TABLE 3 Papua New Guinea Felt Reports 1 966
Lon (oE)
Intensity
30' 51 51 14
151° 30' 155 44 155
44
I II-III II-III
05 04 05 05 05 03
30 10 30 30 30
151 152 151 151 151
30 10 30 30 30
06 03 06
14 30 14
Date
Time (U.T.)
Locality
Lat (oS)
0101
0200
Pomio Buin Buin Torokina
05° 06 06 06
Pomio Rabaul Pomio
0110 0111
0114 0115 0116 0117
0124
0201
0205 0206
1547 0953 0955
1615 0230 0740 0500 0630 0155 1315 0035 1530 0225. 2340 0415 2215 2313
2315 .
0935 • 1125
0212 0214 0215 0222
2318 2010 2015 2138 1728
0439
0501 0502 0503 0505
0223 0224 0225
0505 1530 1845 1200 1245 1940 2006 2010 2015
Pomio Dreikikir Maprik preikikir Torokina Amanab Torokina
155
03
II III II I I-II I-II I II-III
03 03
34 38 34
142 143 142
47 03 47
Buin Torokina Buin Wonenara
06 06 06
51 14 51
155 155 155
44
II-III
145
44 55
Walindi Londolovit Rabaul
05 03 04
25 10 10
150 152 152
05 40 10
III 11 11
Rabaul Lumi. Pomio KokopoTorokina Drina Bialla Rabaul Malmalmal Karlai LondolovitKokopo^. Eainantu Wonenara Kokopo Wbnenara Kilenge Kainantu GorOka
04 03 15 04 06 05 05 04 05 05 03
10 29 30 20 14 70 19 10
152 142 151 152 155 151 151 152
06
05 10 20 18
152 152 152 145
10 01 30 15 03 40 02 10 28 00 40 15 52
20
145
55
1
04
145
55
II-III
06
04 06
06
05 06 06
50
37
50 50
30 18 05
155 141 155
151.
152 148 145 145
03 20 03 03.
15 20 52 25
III Iv
II II II III III
III III III II III II II IV-V III VII-VIII V-VI VII VI-VII IV I II IV II
II IV I
Lone^Inten(0E)^sity
Date
Time (U.T.)
Locality
Lat (°S)
0225 0228
2130 .0000 0430 0706 0729
Esa 'Ala Bwagaoia Saidor Pomio Rabaul Bialla Rabaul Pomio
09°
10 05 05 04 05 04 05
Pomio
05
30
Rabaul Londolovit .Londolovit
04 03 03
10 10 10
Londolovit Buin Pomio Londolovit
03 03 05 03
10 10 30 10
0543
Lond olovit Salamo Rabaul
03 09 04
10 40 10
0459
Rabaul. Telefomin
04 05
10 10
Telefomin
05
10
141^35^IV-V III-IV
Esa 'Ala Salamo -E8a 'Ala Rabaul Londolovit lsumba^. Londolovit YangOru. . Lnmi Yangoru Londolovit Walindi Talasea Palmalmal Cape Gloucester Kilenge
o9
45
IV 150 50 150^50^II 150^50^II
0302
0730
0303
0304 0308 0309 0314 0315, 0323
0328
0330
, 0331 0403
• 0404 0414
2013 2024 2200 0411 1240 2311 1200 1230 1934 1940 1630 1940 1915 2315 0030 0115 0122
0700 0618 1030 0808 1152
0415
1739 1723
0418
1759 0150
0419
- 0421 0501
0502
1738
0005
0015
° 12Ig 1315 1330 2230 1000 0952
40 38 30 10 19 10 30
, 1500 49^11 152^50^1
I 146^28 151^30^II 152^10^III 151^02^II 152^10^III 151^30 III-IV II 151^30^I I I II II II 152^10 152^40^III 152^40^I III 152^40^1 152 40 II-III 151^30^II 152 40 III-IV I I-II 152^40 150^50^II 152^10^III II II IX 13(5)^ III-IV -IV II.--III IIT-.IT
.0200 0150 2245
0953
45 '
-
00 9 04
03
04
.4.4
10
10 43
03 03 03
10 40 29
.03
40
03 05 05 05 05 05
10 25 20
37
24 30
1 152^lo 152 4o ^1
I-II II 14/ 4g 143^18 II-III II 142^01 4^ 0 II-III 14^18 II 140 05^IV 150^05^III III T^III II 148 20
-18-
Date
Time (U.T.)
Locality
Lat (os)
Lone (°E)
0502
0953
Rabaul Tsumba Tsumba Tsumba Rabaul Buin
04° 10' 04 43 04 43 04 43 10 04 06 51
152°
10'
144 144 144
40 40 40
II-III 11-II1 11
10
I
155
44
Kieta Rabaul Londolovit Goroka . Wbnenara Pomio Rabaul Palmalmal Saidor Piva
06 04 03 06 06 05 04
13 10 10 05
155
39
Iv-v III III
05
38
Cameron Plateau Losuia Salamo Pomio Goroka Kainantu Goroka Piva Saidor
10 08 09 05 06 06 06 06 05
14 38
Saidor
05
38
146
13 03
10 12
152 151
1630 1814
Londolovit Lamerika Dreikikir Tsumba Londolovit Kiunga Tani Telefomin Erave Tsumba Londolovit Amanab Pagel Rabaul Londolovit Rabaul.' .
0400 1234
Bundi Rabaul
0510 0512 0517
0522
2326
0957 1226 0540
0253
0326
0524 0526
0116
0529 0530 0531 0601
2245 1915 1630 0320 0342
0609 0614
2300 1208
0619
0620 0621 0622 0623 0624 0628
0630
0706
0708
0713 0717 0718
0719
1138
1515 0755
0800 1945 0430 1630 1540 1.930 0257 0145
0210
0755 0345 1950 0544
1012 1113 1 545 1148 1150 1152 1153
0721 0726 0809 0810
1612 1225 1311
1535
1959
Lumi
05
06
03
03 04
03 06 05 05 06
50
10 40 25
II II II II I-II I IV-V II
55
14
155
03
20 30 40 30 05 18 05
150 151 150 151 145 145 145
25 05 50 30 25 52 25
II I-II II II-IV III III II
28
III-IV I-II II-III
37
29
34 43
10 05 52 10 38
43
05
04
152 152 145
II
145
30 10
04
03 03 03 04 03 04
152
Intensity
151 152 151 146
155
146
30 10 28 28
03
28
142
01
142 144
47 40
152 141 142 141 143
50
55 50 18 57 35
52
10 30 02 10 10 10
144
152 141 141 152 152 152
40
45
145
15
10
152
50 20 10 10 50 10 10
III III
Iv
III
II II
1 11
III II-III III Iv
II-III II III III V IV I II III III
111
-19-
fute
0810 .0820 0824 0826 0829 0904 0907 0911 1917 0918 0920
0926 0927 0930 1001 1005 1006 ' 1006
Time (U. T. ) 1307 2336 1815 1121 1200 1925 1615 1555 1600 0703 . 0705 1150 1200 1556 1600 1145 1150 1151 1155 1210 0549 1057 1200 0410 1500 2230 0300 0308 0311. 0312 0310 0312 0314 0315
1007
1009 1014 1015
2306 2304 2230 2306 2330 2305 2303 21,011 2325 1113 0720
Locality.
Lat (as)
Rabaul Minj Sissano Torokina Morobe Torokina Erave Wakunai Tinputz Wau Chuave Goroka Arau Lamerika Lemeris Bundi Kainantu Chuave Henganofi Kundiawa Londolovit Rabaul Kalolo Saidor Buin Imonda . Buin Ino-onka Henganofi Punano . Gabari Chevasing Wau. Aiyura Ka:).alo Kompri Arau Amboin Ambunti May River (Sepik) Kaindi Ambunti Mande (Wewak) Mendi Karoba Lake Kopiago
4 05 03 06 07 06 06 05 05 07 06 06 06 03 02 05 06 06 06 06 03 04 05 05 06 03 06 06 06 06 06 06 07 06 05 06 06 04 04 04 03 04 03 06 05 05 06 04 06
Ch~ve
May River Wonenara
0
Intensity
Lan~
(OE
10' 55 00 14 45 14 38 51 33 19 08 05 23 12 16 45 18 08 15 17 10 10 59 38 50 20 50 13 15 05 38 38 19 20 59 14 23 38 05 17 30 14 37 08 44 25 08 17 50
152 144 142 155 147 155 143 155 154 146 145 145 146 151 152 145 145 145 145 145 152 152 147 146 155 141 155 145 145 145 146 146 146 145 147 145 146 143 144 141 143 142 143 143 142 142 145 141 145
0
10' 41 . 02 03 . 37 03 52 13 59 43 08 25 02 55 02 15 52 08 38 53 40 10 12 29 45 08 45 41 38
53
58 34 43 56 12 43 02 34 05 45 34 49 43 39 47 27 08 45 55
II III II II II-III II
II-III II-III III II-III III II IV-V IV III IV III III II II-III II I IV II II II
III-IV III-IV II-III II-III II
III-IV III III-IV III-IV . III-IV V IV
V III-IV III IV
III-IV III-IV III II III III-IV II
-20-
Date
Time (U.T.)
Locality
hat (°S)
1015 1016
1107 1210 13.. 1319 0010 2035 2030 2115 0029 1156
Green River Londolovit Rabaul
030
03 04
10 13
Kalolo Avatip Seragwandu Londolovit Kerowagi Wonenara • Nalabunga Wapot Rabaul Chevasing Want oat _Pindiu Tigidu Iaun Buin Keu (via Chuave) Saidor Sangan (cia Kaiap it) Pindiu Lae Mumeng
05 04 03 03 05
59 10 50 10
04
25
Bulolo Babwump Gabari Chuave Aseki Kaintiba Kalalo Henganofi Wau Kundiawa Arau Obura Kokopo Malabunga Mloko Is. Londolovit Rabaul Rabaul Konga Londolovit Malabunga Kokopo Mioko Is.
07 06 06 06 07 07 05 06 07 06 06 06 04 04 04 03 04 04 06 03 04 04 04
1017 1018 1020
1315
1022
1305 1317 0346
1025
0130 2117 2115 0025
0345
0026 0027 0027
0028
0029 0030 1026
1027 1029 1105
1830
1829 1109 0710 1050 2233 2235
wau
57
Long (°E)
Intensity
141° 08' 152 40 15 152
III-IV I IV IV-V II II II-III II-III
147
142
12
55
142 152
52 40
144 145
53 55
11 III
15
II III II II
06
54 50
04 06 06 06
13 38 07 25
152 146 146 147
42
147
34 35
155
45
147 147
34
III
35 43 39 42
Iv
06
05 06 06 05 06 06
06 06 07
40 50 19^. 38 35 25 44
58
19
12
51
38 08 22 21 59
15 19 02 23 31^• 22 25 15 10 13 13 41 10 25 22 15
152
155
146 146 146 146
146
146. 146
146 145 146 146 147 145 146 144 146 145 152 152 152 152 152 152 155
152 152 152 152
05 34
28 06
04 28 22 01
58 08 11 02 12 38 43 58 02 58 17 05 29 40 15 15
44
40 05 17 29
III
TIr
II
I,^11
II I IV
III
iv-v
III III III II-III III III II I-II IV IV III-IV III II-III III-IV III II III II IV
IV
^
-21Date^Time^Locality (U,T,)
Lat ( ° S)
03 10 1105^2240^Londolovit Tavui 04 10 1106^0115^Malabunga 04 25 0130^Londolovit 03 10 06 05 0942^Punan6 05 59 1112^05„^Kalalo 05 59 ^1113^2339^Kalalo 1114^1951^Rabaul 04 13 03 20 1115^2008^Imohda 03 02 2020^Pagei 1117^0000^Rabaul 04 13 06 23 1118^1442^Axau 1125^2055^Woitape 2057^Kökoda 1128^03„^Kokopo 0304^Rabaul 0305^Malabunga 0310^Pomio 1130^2210^Rabaul Upper Warangoi 1200^2205^Kokopo 2210^Kokopo Malabunga 11 11 1204^1130^Rabaul 04 13 06 19 1207^1730^Keu (via Chuave) 03 32 1209^15.,^Kreer 03 37 Mande 05 59 1210^0152^Kalalo 03 07 0230^Aitape 06 58 1213^2045^Buangs (Mumeng) 1430^Mande 1214^2030^Mumeng 2100 KaUp F3 (47 33 21„^Arau^ 06 23 Kundiawa^06 01 Bairap^03 44 2103 • Lake Kopiago ^05 17 2107^Ialibu^1^06 19 Wabag^ 05 28 Amanab^03 33 Angoram^04 04 Chuave^06 08 2108^Pagei^03 02 Nanu River Wosera g'^164 2109^Madang Simbai Dreikikir Kamba^05 09 Miliom Lumi^03 29 ^•
•
•
2
Korogo
Mendi^(01 g£53
Long (0E) 152 152 152 152 145 147 147 152 141 141 152 146
Intensity II 40 11 III-IV II 05 II 40 II 53 12 II-III III 12 I 15 08 _ III II 10 II 15 II 02
II 43IT II 17 II 15 III 05 II 31 III 15 IV 06 II 17 II 17 III 05 15 III-IV II 04 III 32 III 43 III 12 III III 146 35
tit77 152 152 152 151 152 152 152 152 152 152 146 143 143 147
14 6 114233 146 144 142 142 144 143 141 144 145 141 142 145 144 142 145 142 143 143
35 2459 02 58 18 33 02 43 14 06 08 10 46 50 33 48 43 02 09 39
III IV-V V IV III III-IV IV-V III IV-V IV III-IV IV-V IV V V V IV V V
-22•
Date
Time (U. T. )
Locality
1214
2110
Koroba lVlande Porgera Mogol lVlanam Island Wewak Kaintantu Tambul Baiupwine Goroka
;
2112 2115
2128 2130 2110
1215 1216
1219 1222 1223
2205 2208 1415 1416 1510 1100 0930 1430 2109 0020 0030 13 •• 13 ••
....
1515 1550 16 •• . 13 ••
Lat (OS)
05 03 05 06 04 03 06 05 03 06 Minj 05 Saidor 05 May River. 04 Wonenara 06 Kainde 03 Tari 05 Bogia 04 Kreer 03 Ambunti 04 Punano 06 Kompain 05 Avatip 04 Kalalo 05 Telefomin 05 Aiome 05 Kalolo 05 Muabu 07 Tigidu 06 Angoram 04 Dreikikir 03 Manam Island 04 Yemas Village (Amboin) 04 Karimui 06 Turuk 06 Kalalo 05 Kainantu 06 Buangs (Mumeng) 06 Aseki 07 Aseki 07 .06 Erave Amboin 04 Ambunti 04 Sepsep 06 Obura 06 06 Kaiapit Salamo 09 Salamaua 07 Guari 08 Popondetta (Isivini) 08
0
Lon~
Intensity
(OE
44' 37 26 03 38 33 18 57 28 05 55 38 17 50 30 52 16 32 14 05 23 10 59 09 07 59 23 42 05 34 05 38 25 20 59 18 58 22 22 38 38 14 06 31 17 40 03 02 47
142 0 143 142 143 146 143 145 143 142 145 144 146 141 145 143 142 144 143 142 145 143 142 147 141 144 147 144 147 144 142 145 143 144 149 147 145 146 146 146 143 143 142 149 145 146 150 147 146 148
47' 43 56 56 28 41 52 57 57 25 41 28 45 55 34 57 59 32 49 53 55 55 12 37 43 12 40 35 05 47 05 34 50 38 12 52 35 11 11 52 34 49 29 58 15 50 04 57 15
V-VI V IV IV-V III V-VI IV V IV II-III V-VI III IV-V I IV-V III-IV IV-V V V IV V III IV IV V-VI IV III II IV IV III V II IV II-III III II II II II V III IV II II III V IV IV
-:
-23-
Date
Time (U. T. )
Loc<:;.lity
Lat (OS)
1223
13 •• 1550
Talasea Saidor Morobe Goroka. Wonenara Ioma Tufi Eoana Garains. Wau Popondetta Lalaura (1'hrshall Lagoon) Cape Gloucester Kelanoa, Kumbun
05 05 07 06 06 08 09 06 07 07 08
14 •• 1555 1554 1550 1541 1552 1551 17 ••
1545 1550 1551 1552 1555 1550 1650 1552 1555 1552 1600 1552 . 1550 1555 14 •• 1555 1600 1224 1225 1226 1227
1602 1900 1555 1551 0100 0550 0520· 0540 0540 ' 0542
0
05 06 06
Intensity
Lon~
(OE
17 ' 38 45 03 47 21 05 25 54 19 47
150 146 147 145 145 147 149 146 147 146 148
25 01 05 58 08 12 25 44 47 42 30 53 23 50 35 20 44' . 18 38 25 40 38 05 00 01 08 18 09 05 45
0
III TV-V IV III-TV . III IV III III TV
148. 147 149
25 32 04
III IV IV V
146 145 147 147 147 148 146 147 147 149 147 148 149 148 145 146 144 150 143 145 146 147 143 145 145 145 145
35 08 12 34 01 15 11 08 45 32 41 19 38 22 52 28 50 50 52 25' 35 32 39 52 43 25 15
]illhia
Mumeng Chuave. Kabwum Pin diu
Lae . Popondetta Aseki Port Moresby Kokoda Apugi (v •Kandrian) Kwikila Sa.g Sag Turuk Aisega Kainantu Saidor Karimui Salamo Erave Goroka Mumeng Kelanoa Mendi Kainantu Kamba ~ Goroka. Bundi
06 06 06 06 06 08 07 09 08 06 09 05; 06 05 06 05 06 09 . 06 06 07 06 06 06 05 06 05
0
04 ' 30 37 25 54 50 20 49· 10 43 15
V
IV-V
V V
V-VI VI V V V IV-V V V
V-VI V V
V V III I-II TV
I II
V-VI III III
IV III II-III V
.,.
TABLE 4 Seismograph Station Description
Place
.Agenhambo Daru
Code
Lat. (S)
AGE
08.
DNG
09
0 _.
Long. (E)
48'
49"
05
19
148° ' 143
Elevation (metres)
05'
56''
303
12
20
03
Lithological foundation
Remarks
Unconsolidated volcanic ash
Commenced November
Unconsolidated clays
LP - Feb.-Sept.• SP - Sept.-Oct. Ceased October
09
Keravat
ESA. KET .
Kerema
ICRG
Esa'Ala
48
41
10
150 152
03
06
35
145
46
08
18
04
44 21
07
57
46 20 .14
Granite Gneiss Coastal Alluvium Clay
Not operational LP Jan-Sept. SP Oct. LP Nov..-Dec.
Lae Port Moresby. Rabaul Sulphur Creek Tabele Tapini
LAE PMG RAB
06 09 04
SUL TBL TPN
04 04 08
40 24
23 33
11 13 06 21
29 10 05
146 147 152 152 145
25
146
54 09 10 10 00 59
48 14 11 33.3 41 01
100
Unconsolidated alluvium
,67 184
Eocene chert Basalt flow Unconsolidated volcanic ash Basalt flow Clay
08 180 989
Commenced November
Not operational Commenced Nov. LP - Jan-Sept. SP - Sept.-Dec. Ceased December
LP = Long period system ^
SP = Short period system
1
n.)
-P 1
[
TABLE 5
Seismograph Station. Instrumentation
Station AGE DNG
Seismometer Type To Comp
RecOrder Type^Speed
System Tg^magnification
Wil
WU..^60 ER230^60 n^,^II
0.2 LP(,....100)
SP(.1)
800 5000
Film^15 (1301-A)^15 Paper^30 (1656-D)
0.2
30,000
0.2 60
18,000 unknown unknown unknown unknown
P/E
0.6
Z
W/L ESA
. KRT
KRG LAE . PMG
15 1.1
Ben
Z
1.0
Ben Ben
N,E
1.0
N'E
1.0
[ Z
1.2
Film^15
.0.35
N
1.4
15
0.26
E
15
0.29 LP(-,100)
BMC
P/E
Z
1.4 15
Wil
Z
1.0
ER230^60 u^It
P/E
Z
15
ER230^60
Z,N,E Z2N,E SPH W/A
N
15
N
15 0.8
1000
800
World Standard
5000 ST (-.1) LP^(... 100) 800 SP 50,000
World Standard
LP
3000
Sprengnether^30 Sprengnether^30
15 15
700 700
Sprengnether^30
Remarks
Gain 1/10
Underdamped Feb-Sept. Sept-Oct.^Ceased October
50/.
Critically damped Critically damped Critically damped
20%
Critically damped Critically damped Critically damped Jan-Sept, Nov-Dec.
10% 10%
Oct.
,
2200
Over damped Over damped
Station
PMG
System
Type
W/A
Sprengnether
30
" "
30
1.7
30
15
700
World Standard
SP
12,500
E
DrM
Z
RAB
Recorder Speed
Seismometer Type Comp To
0.8
4 4 Z
~~gnification
Tg
1,600 11,000
N,E Z,N,E Ben P Z
World Standard
SP
6,250
World Standard
LP
750
OMO
N
3.6
3,240 12
E
3.8
10
1.0
60
Hel
Remarks
Gain
0.02
I I\)
0\ I
sm
Ben P
Z
1.0
Hel
60
0.02
3,240
Signal telemetred to recorder at RAB
TBL
Ben
Z
1.0
Wil
60
0.2
1,350
Critically damped
TPN
piE
Z
15
ER230
60
100
800
Wil
Z
1
Wil = Willmore;
P /E = Press E\ving;
SPH = Sprengnether Type H; Ben P = Benioff portable;
'.
"
" V
IL
OMO = Omori;
10,000
1
= Wilson Lamison;
VilA = Wood-Anderson;
DrM
=
Jan-Sept •. Sept-Dec.
Ben = Benioff standard;
BMC
=
Ceased December
Benioff moving coil;
Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Washington;
Hel = Helicorder Model 2484;
ER230 = UED Pen Recorder.
-r------------,---141 0
--------,--
-
I -----
-
147·
----I----------I---------~----------
,
00
- ----1
----""T---
PLATE I
-----.,[-
----- .... - - -
----1---
t-
--153 r--- ---------
--j
159·
156 0
0
---1----- -- -----
I
I
-~
--,---------j! O· i
I I
PAPUA
AND NEW GUINEA MILES
o
50
100
50
150
I
I
I
1
1
LEGEND -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-- -
-
-~
,
---- --- -----r- -
International boundary
I 0.5
I
4
Terri torial boundary
I
I
District boundary
I
5·0
I l..
- ---- --- ----------- ----.-
I
O~-o
-- ---- ------050 -
Epicentre and magnitude
--.
I
----. ----
I
052 I
057
----.
o
Depth
0 to 69 kilometres
•
Depth
70 to 300 kilometres
I
Depth greater than 300 kilometres
I
z
-
-
---.
--'Tab ere
-
--- ~
-
-
------
-
-
-----
-
+-
o
52
060~/ , -
_
I
/ / I
/
o
at> -.
.51
I
/
o
I
/
_.f----
MADANG
05-5
I
.53
\
.56 .5-0
50. I
--1-- - - ,
.5-0
.50
.6 0 - - -------+-- ------------ --
j
5·50
NEW
I
,
050 050
0
50
.5-3
I
f-- \
1
"-
i
I
en
1
GULF
!
I
051
I:
'-
--J--
4 ~----"'-'. KRG
KEREMA
56~
I I
w I
as 9
I I I
I
I
I I
I
"p-
6'
I
5-0
Fi nc hhafen
I
-r
.50
i
----"-
J
I I I I
055
I,
J
..
o
(----
....... ,
"\
--1
Seismic station occupied
TBL
)
,
-
®
052
I
• • 54 53
a
52
~/
i
- - - - - -- - ------. - - - - - -~- - - - -----"I
I I
i
I:
I I 054
•
,--=----. - '
!
,I
- - - - - - - - - ------lb;,;.------------~"*c"______j
1'1, I
c:7
o
I
DNG
-------.'
aS!
I
056
II
.fIi \
1
1
o
I \
1\ LOCATION OF SEISMIC STATIONS .AND EPICENTRES OF EARTHQUAKES WITH MAGNITUDES OF 5·0 OR GREATER T P N G 1966
K I •
!
12°t---~-
QUEENSLAND
,I
L -_ _---'--_ _ _-----'_ _---'-_ _ _ _ _ _L -_ _'-----_ _----'---_'-----:---_ _ _ _ _ ~ ___
141 (Ba.ed
on
0
G20 -35)
144
0
1___ _
_________ _ .--l
_____ ...L ____ _
--~----
147
0
150
0
~I _ _ _ _ _ _'---:_ _ _ _ _------"-_ _ _ _ __
153
0
~_____
___ .l
1560
TO ACCOMPANY RECO~D No 1968 87
Ga2 /4 -65
9°
PLATE 2
- 16
Total energy re/ease /966:=29x10 20ergs from formula^logE z 5-6+2-4m5
- 14
Between 200 and 600 kilometres depth there were 5 earthquakes -
12
1-4—Energy in each band 50 -
-10
%
-8
40 -
-4—Number of earthquakes -6
20 -
-4
10 -
-2
0^20^40^60^80^100^120^140^160^180^200
DEPTH IN KILOMETRES
DEPTH DISTRIBUTION OF PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA EARTHQUAKES 1966
TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No 1968/87
G82/4-66
PLATE3
500 -
- 500
400 -
- 400
300
- 300
■ 200
- 200
■
100
- 100
90
90
80
80
70 -
70
60 -
60
50 -
-^50
40 -
- 40
30 -
-^30^—
20 -
-^20
I0 -
I0
C13
9-
9
8-
8 7
■
6 5 4
3
■ 2
20
^
3.0
^
4.0^ 5•0
^
1 6.0^70
MAGAUTUDE^(CGS)
MAGNITUDE DISTRIBUTION OF PAPUA & NEW GUINEA EARTHQUAKES 1966 TO ACCOMPANY RE CORD No 1968/87 ^
G82/4-67
142°E^
+^
1440^
+^
146°^
148°^
1500^
154°^
_
_
+
152°^
_
156°^
+^
,^
158°^
+
PLATE 4
160°E^
+
'.
.
.
h 2°S ^MANUS
^±
5
2° S
1
_^±
^_
-1-
.^+
I.^
•
INTENSITIES FROM EARTHQUAKES OF 1
.33Z -
/1/^_ c^, w —
WEST^I
+
G (./,
•
I,
+^_
N, 115—DZ
*.
111-DZ-o-^•
\
A
A
in--nz^11
^+^-
Al^.
I RI AN^i ,
,
k.,i \
I '
+^_
r In
•
--1-
VII —1/01 N EW BR ITAIN
6°
_^
_
-1-
_
liiret
1 ..../—^ •....
CHOISEUL I.
C7
,^4\ , \ -,
cz
Epicentre^5•4 S,^1515E 22 February, 19 66^•
l^ o^
•.
045 _^
—
+^‘
_^
I d----H PORT^MORESBY '
80
. NEW GEORGIA I.^
`C)^
Ili^,.,1.„,
Epicentre 6.2S,^146.4 E 6^October, 1966^•
-
+,„_ ..-v:::,.^
Magnitude^5.5
.
MILES
\dies
100^50^o^50^100^150^200^250^300 0°LAT. LAT.0°
GUADALCANAL I 100
Or, v 0
P.5:3 _ __
-—^+
+
+
_^
_
Depth 113^kilometres
o
o
..
Depth 28^kilometres Magnitude 6.2
r . VW
A
I
10°
.
LEGEND
\c m
KEREMA —
8°
•
BOUGAINVILLE I.
_.
^ LAE
22 FEBRUARY AND 6 OCTOBER 1966
,
n 3zr--sza
,...inilit,
+
_^-4.
4
in- nz 11-/IT
I^
_
/ , ilf^p,
c
.1^4
o
0
MADANG
1
A
+
4 °^ 0
a
+
\
MODIFIED MERCALLI
RABAUL
^• ,
6°
++
NEW IRELAND
WEWAK
4°
+
(3
o•
_._
t°
.4c 8o
8o
12o
12°
4-
li‘tv QUEENSLAND
12 ° S
—1
140 ° E^
I
142°^
144°^
I
1460^
I
1480^
I^
1500^
152°^
154°^
•^I
156°^
1580^
I2°S 160°E^
TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No 1968/87
G82/4-68
PLATE 5
2°S
2os
MODIFIED MERCALLI INTENSITIES FROM EARTHQUAKE OF 7 OCTOBER 1966
4°
so
LEGEND
7 October, 1966 so
'Epicentre 4.4S , 143.1E A^Depth 95 kilometres Magnitude 5•3
MILES 100^50^0 LAT.0° ^
50
100^150^200
4°
10°^s o
10°
80
\\\\\\\\\\\
12° S
140° E
(Booed on 020-49)
142°
144°
146°
148°
250^300 0 ° LAT.
120
I2° S TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No 1968/87
G82/4-69
142°E^
144°^
146°^
148°
^
150°^
152°^
154°^
156°^
158°^
160°E
^
11
01MANUS1111I.
°
2 S
PLATE 6
2°S
-1-
NEW IRELAND
WEWAK
MODIFIED MERCALLI
RABAUL'
4°
INTENSITIES FROM EARTHQUAKE OF 25 OCTOBER 1966
4
4° 4/
MADANG
^VL
Li
WEST
4/
4
NEW BRITAIN
60
DI Dr
4
• LAE
n
DZ
1T-11 TT/
BOUGAINVILLE 6
°
CHOISEUL I.
-
LEGEND
4-
11-111.1^1[A:1i
IRIAN
.i(P;#1 N.
8°
f Epicentre 6.6 S , I47.2E
\
KEREMA
144166.-^111111
25 October, 1966 A^Depth 67 kilometres Magnitude 5.3
80
..„
PORT MORESB
7"Ii4„
•
100
a
4
°
(Based on 820-49)
11
QUEENSLAND
142°^
50^0^50^100
100
Kl
I2 S 140°E^
MILES
144°^
146°
^
148°
^
150°^
152°^
154°^
\ \ 1\ 1\
°
0 LAT. /4° 8° 12°
150^200^250^300
1111
156°^
12°S 158°^
160°E TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No 1968/87
G82/4-70
1 48 °
146°
144°^
142°E^
PLATE 7
160°E
158°
156°
154°
152°
150°
2°S
2°S
-F-
rie
NEW IRELAND
BI-VIWEWAK "Ir
Meg
MODIFIED MERCALLI
ITE^13Z-Tr
RABAUL° .11•V 5■••
4°
17- v
Iv-
e;;Zo
-F
-^
-
WEST
MADANG
i■-
0
-41:11.^A^174 II^1Z-7.^/ iv --..._^ _^i^I^ /^4-i-ISCV-11^/^.1, III—ISE ^ villb■ ^ 13/-'
sr
N EW BRITAIN
A^I
so
-
IIL
X-.327- s
BOUGAINVILLE I.
11111 )
LAE
r
CHOISEUL I.
111
INTENSITIES FROM EARTHQUAKE OF 14 DECEMBER 1966
4°
LEG END
_L
I
C2
IRIAN
,
Epicentre 4.9 S , 144.0E
14 December,1966 •^Depth 68 kilometres KEREMA
8° •
1APeas egro
•
PORT MORESBY
MILES
c\
100 LAT.0°
.^
Magnitude 6.0
8°
-
10 °
10 °
4
50^0^50^100^150
200^250^300 40 ° LAT.
so ^
111°
1 2o ^
12°
OUEENSLAND
12°S
I 2° S
140 ° E (Based on 620-49)
1 42°
144°
146°
148°
150 °^152°^
154°^
156°^
158°^
160°E
TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No 1968/87
682/4-71
^
1440^
142°E^
+^
-^+
146°^
_
1
+
+
152°^
1500^
148°^
154°^
156°^
_^+
1^
158°^
+^
+ .
(..., _...._ .._ 2°S
I
• 20S
MANUS I.^.D.
•
_^
_
4-
-I--^
INQI
'
+
^+
4-
MODIFIED MERCALLI
L
NEW IRELAND
WEWAK
,GO !..1
_^
^
A°^
1
+
+ MADANG
_^
0
INTENSITIES FROM EARTHQUAKE OF
,^•.
RABAUL°
4°
PLATE^8
160°E^
23 DECEMBER 1966
0
a +
_^+^
0
+^-I-
11
WEST BOUGAINVILLE I.
/I
12.
6°
7^II^V-VI
.^-wry.-^ i-II^II^la ........^ \ .......^I^ V), CfL-AE -......_^--111-1314V ,r^\ /^-*V "--
fa^
4 .0
4^."....... -.„,.. ,
P
IRIAN^
6°
1
I%
+
•
,^.....w...-
_^-I-
—^--I-^_
***"...
1 \*.^\ KEREMA
..."...^
. z., SANTA YSABEL I.
AL
_
_
_
+
+^
-
6°
OFA ...MILES
•
0
V-Iri
1^
ioo^50^0^50^100^150^200^250^300
-
10 °
Q0 o
!Z3
•s,^:=::=t •
-1-^—
-1-
ertzt, v.....z.•::
0 ° LAT.
LAT.0 °
GUADALCANAL 1
-IC
•
Depth 53^kilometres
GEORGIA I.
1
PORT^MORESB
23 December, 1966 •
Magnitude^6.4
i^411P a^■^NEW^
•
III
...%^
100
Epicentre^7.1^S^,^148.3^E •
--•
.•
-I-^. '..1°*0
rz
,
LEGEND
IV -V
1
c=
CHOISEUL I.
co
....:.
0
.^
16
'' - .......,
r-
op
■\^... ,.....^ ...
NEW BRITAIN
V
NC
-
- 4^
s
80
-4^4.-^4
4° ^ 8° ^
8°
izo^.
12°
+ go.
•
QUEENSLAND I2° S
1
140°E^ (Based on 620-49)
142°^
144°^
1
^ , 146°148°
i
150°^
1
152°^
1^
154°^
1
1,56°^
158°^
12°S I60°E^
TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No 1968/87 ^
G82/4-72
_ /q/92c/.v
a^e
69/ND/A/c
Telephone : 4458
-41
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
Telegram,: "Buromin" Port Moresby.
Postal Address : P.O. Box 323, Port Moresby.
„ DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES, GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS
Port Moresby Geophysical Observatory, Port Moresby, Papua, We would be grateful if you would complete the questionnaire form below whenever you feel an earthquake. The results will assist studies being made into the risk of damage to constructions by earthquakes and the general nature of earthquake activity in the Territory. Wherever possible answer simply by underlining the words which are applicable or by adding more suitable words in the blank spaces. Any additional information will be appreciated. If necessary enclose an additional sheet. Please refold this sheet and return in the envelope provided. Your co-operation would be appreciated. Dr. D. Denham, Observer-in-Charge
'QUESTIONNAIRE Name (block letters) ^
Cracked plaster,
Address^
Fall of, books, pictures, plaster, walls^
District ^
Broke dishef, windows, furniture ^
Date of shock ^ Time ^ A.M ^P.M^
Twisting, fall of columns, monuments, water tanks ^
Mee
where you were at time of shock ^
Moles
Felt
windows, walls, ground ^
^Damage : none, slight, considerable, great, total, in
rapid, slow ^ Shook how long
by me, several people, many, all
building built
^of Native Materials wood, brick, masonry, concrete ^
Direction of motion felt outdoors ; not certain, N., NE., E., etc.^Pots: did the dog, cat get frightened ? Yes. No. Did not notice
Nature of ground onelermath locality ;
rock, soil, loose, compact,^Animals: what did the animals do 1 ^
marshy, filled in
^Noise: I did, did not hear anything ^
level, sloping, steep
^It sounded like a truck like thunder, like rolling a galvanized
Awakened me, no one, few, many, all (in my home)
(in community)
FrIgAtmood me, no one, few, many, all (in my home)
(in community)
Rattling of windows, doors, dishes
^iron tank ^ ^The sound seemed to come from over the hill, across the ^
fiat, in the air, below my feet ^
^from the N.S.E.W ^ ^The sound lasted for ^ seconds.
Ground : Did people fall over, just stand,
Croaking of walls, frame ^
Hanging *Wats, doors, etc., did, did not, awing, N., NE., etc ^
just walk, have no
trouble ^
were there landslides, water waves,. ground waves, nothing
Trees. Imhof
shaken slightly, moderately, strongly, fell down REMARKS.
Shifted
small objects, furnishings ^
Ovestersed small objects, furniture
^ Govt PrInt.—A105415.67,---1,000.
Signature.
