This is made by mitochondria & is needed in great supply for muscle contraction to take place? ______. 8. Define the following terms: ... 10. Explain ...
PHYSIO | Muscle Review Worksheet Directions: Using your notes and or book answer the following questions 1. The interaction between which two systems allows for movement? _____________________________ 2. Fill in the following table:
Skeletal Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Description/Found?
Striated?
Involuntary/ Voluntary
3. List and describe the 5 functions of muscular tissue:
a. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ b. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ c. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ d. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ e. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________
4. List the components of muscle tissue from largest to smallest: Muscle Æ __________________ Æ _________________ Æ _________________ Æ _________________ 5. List the components of muscle connective tissue from smallest to largest: Sarcolemma Æ _________________ Æ ________________ Æ ________________ Æ ________________ 6. Muscle are well supplied with ____________________ and ______________________________________. 7. This is made by mitochondria & is needed in great supply for muscle contraction to take place? _________. 8. Define the following terms: Transverse Tubules (T tubules): _______________________________________________________________________________________ Sarcoplasm: _______________________________________________________________________________________ Myoglobin: _______________________________________________________________________________________ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum: _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Explain how actin, myosin, and sarcomeres are related. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Explain the causes of muscular atrophy and muscular hypertrophy. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 11. What is muscle tone? Give an example. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________
12. For the following steps of muscle contraction and relaxation, decide which order they belong in, then rewrite them in the correct order: a. The released calcium combines with troponin which pulls tropomyosin filaments out of the way. This exposes the myosin‐binding sites on the actin myofilament. b. Calcium ions cannot bind to troponin causing the tropmyosin complex to slide back over myosin binding sites on actin. c. A nerve impulse or action potential, reaches the axon terminal releasing calcium ions into the axon terminal. Triggering synaptic vesicles in the axon terminal to release ACh into the synapse. d. Sodium ions are not released into the motor end plate stopping the generation of a muscle action potential which would travel through the T tubules. e. The muscle action potential travels into the transverse tubules and causes the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release stored calcium ions into the sarcoplasm. f. ACh binds to its receptors on the motor end plate releasing Na+ which generates a new action potential. g. Cross‐bridges separate and the muscle fiber resumes its resting state, or relaxation h. Calcium ion channels close on the SR and Ca+2 is reabsorbed (actively pumped) from the sarcoplasm into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. i.
The myosin attach to the thin filament creating a cross‐bridge which results in the sliding of the filaments = muscle contraction.
j.
The enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), in the neuromuscular junction, breaks down remaining acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft.
Muscle Contraction and Relaxation Steps in CORRECT order: