c. Name the independent variable: d. Name the dependent variable: ... ______ Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. a. Element b. Molecule...
Life Review Worksheet Life Characteristics 1. List the traits/characteristics that all of life share and a brief explanation: a. ______________________________________________________________________________ b. ______________________________________________________________________________ c. ______________________________________________________________________________ d. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Define organism:______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Define species: _______________________________________________________________________ 4. How do we know when animals are of different species? Of the same? __________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Where is biodiversity the greatest? _______________________________________________________ a. Why? _________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. Give an example and explanation for each unifying theme of biology below: a) Structure and function b) Homeostasis c) Adaptation and Evolution d) Systems Metric System 7. Using your knowledge of the Metric System, what unit of measure would you use for the following?
a. Mass of an object: ____________________ b. Depth of an object: __________________ c. Measure the volume: ___________________ 8. Answer the following: a. 0.63 daL = __________________ mL b. 3,459 mm = _____________________ dm c. 0.1237 hg = _________________ cg d. 9.38 km = _____________________ dam
Scientific Method 9. Place the following steps of the scientific method in order using number one for the first step. _______ Write a conclusion and share your results. _______ Evaluate your results. _______ Form a hypothesis in an “If…,then…” statement (possible solution to problem). _______ Do background research on your problem. _______ Make an observation/state a problem. _______ Design an experiment _______ Collect and analyze your data. 10. The city of Los Angeles wants to know if there is a connection between physical fitness and air pollution. Fifty volunteers from the mayor’s office agree to be tested. First, they are asked to ride a stationary bike for 1 hour in a pollution‐free air chamber. A week later, the 50 volunteers return and are again asked to ride a stationary bike for 1 hour in a chamber filled with air pollutants common to Los Angeles. Their heart rates are monitored throughout the 1 hour bike rides. a. Name the control group: _________________________________________________________ b. Name the experimental group: ____________________________________________________ c. Name the independent variable: ___________________________________________________ d. Name the dependent variable: ____________________________________________________ 11. When creating a graph, what type of graph would you create? _________________________________ a. Explain: _______________________________________________________________________ b. How would you title the “Y” axis? __________________________________________________ 12. Compare and contrast the following: Hypothesis
Theory Same
Atoms and Molecules 13. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the following: Boron (B) Sodium (Na) Phosphorus (P) p = __________ n = __________ e = __________
p = __________ n = __________ e = __________
p = __________ n = __________ e = __________
14. Fill in the number of electrons in the correct energy levels below: Oxygen (O) Beryllium (Be)
P = n =
P = n =
a. By itself, is oxygen stable? Explain. ____________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ b. By itself, is beryllium stable? Explain. __________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Draw an arrow(s) to show what will happen to the electron(s) between O and Be to form BeO. 16. Fill in the table below to show the charge of oxygen and beryllium before and after bonding.
O
Be
O
Be
17. Compare and contrast the following: Covalent Bonds
Similarities
Ionic Bonds
18. Match the terms with their appropriate definition. _______ An atom that has lost/gained electron(s), giving a + or – charge.
a. Element
_______ A solution with a high pH, but low [H+]
b. Molecule
_______ A substance made up of one type of atom
c. Compound
(can’t be broken down by simple chemical means).
d. Ion
_______ A solution with a low pH, but high [H+]
e. Acid
_______ A molecule composed of two or more elements.
f. Base
_______ Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Properties of Water 19. Draw three water molecules and show their hydrogen bonds between them below. a. Circle the correct answer: The above is an example of cohesion / adhesion 20. You are making lemonade at home, where the ingredients are: ½ cup powdered lemon juice concentrate, 1 cup sugar, and 6 cups water. a. What is/are the solvent? _________________________________________________________ b. What is/are the solute? __________________________________________________________ 21. List the properties of water below.