KEY Life Review Worksheet Part Two | Chapter 2 (2.1-2.2). Atoms and Molecules. 1. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the following: Boro...
KEY Life Review Worksheet Part Two | Chapter 2 (2.1‐2.2) Atoms and Molecules 1. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the following: Boron (B) Sodium (Na) Phosphorus (P) p = 5
p = 11
p = 15
n = 6
n = 12
n = 16
e = 5
e = 11
e = 15
Beryllium (Be)
2. Draw the following atoms below: Oxygen (O)
These 2 e‐ move to O P = 4 P = 8 n = 5 n = 8 a. By itself, is oxygen stable? Explain. No, because O outer most layer needs 8 electrons, not 6. b. By itself, is beryllium stable? Explain. No, because Be outer most layer needs 8 electrons, not 2. 3. Draw an arrow to show what will happen to the electron(s) between oxygen and beryllium to form beryllium oxide (BeO). Fill in the table below as well.
O
Be
O
Be
4. Compare and contrast: Covalent bond vs. Ionic Bond
Share pairs of electrons
Electrons are lost or gained
Strongest type of bond
Forms between molecules
Ions are made
Held by magnetic charge
type of bond
5. Match the terms with their appropriate definition. D An atom that has lost/gained electron(s), giving a + or – charge. F A solution with a high pH, but low [H+] A A substance made up of one type of atom (can’t be broken down by simple chemical means). E A solution with a low pH, but high [H+] C A molecule composed of two or more elements. B Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
a. Element b. Molecule c. Compound d. Ion e. Acid f. Base
Properties of Water 6. Draw four water molecules and the hydrogen bonds between them below. a. This is an example of Cohesion / Adhesion (circle one). 7. You are making lemonade at home; the ingredients are: ½ cup powdered lemon juice concentrate, 1 cup sugar, and 6 cups water. a. What is/are the solvent? Water b. What is/are the solute? Sugar and the powdered lemon juice 8. List the properties of water below. •
cohesion
•
adhesion
•
high specific heat
•
polar molecule, universal solvent, requires energy to break bonds
