Name: ________________________________________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Ecology Unit Review Worksheet‐ Part 2 Directions: Treat this like a test/quiz and answer as much as you can without ANY help. See how much you actually know by highlighting/starring what you don’t (yes, you have to do this and I will be looking for it). Then, using your notes, go back and answer what you missed. Spend most your time reviewing what is highlighted/starred. 1. Define the vocabulary words in the boxes below:
Symbiotic Symbiotic A close relationship between 2 different species of organisms
Mutualism Mutualism Both organisms benefit
Commensalism Commensalism One organism benefits, while the other is neither harmed or benefits
Parasitism Parasitism One organism benefits, while the other is harmed
Example Example Whales and barnacles (Barnacles live on whales and whales are not harmed nor benefit)
Example Example Tapeworm & Human (endoparasitism) or Tick & deer (ectoparasitism). Both Tapeworm/Tick harm host
Example Example Butterflies and Flowers (Butterflies get nectar, while the flowers get pollinated)
2. For the paragraph on Succession, fill in the blanks using the words provided:
abiotic factors ecosystems lichen pioneer species
climax community quicker succession soil
fire primary succession secondary succession moss
lava slower rock intact
(a) Ecosystems are constantly changing. Both (b) abiotic and biotic factors change in every ecosystem. One type of ecosystem change is called (c) succession. This results in one community replacing another over time. This process might begin on bare rock formed from the cooling of molten (d) lava. This process begins when (e) lichen & (f) moss, also known as the (g) pioneer species, begin living on and breaking down bare rock. When these organisms die, their remains mix with the rock pieces to form a thin layer of (h) soil. This process of establishing and developing an ecosystem in a previously uninhabited area is called (i) primary succession. The mature community that eventually forms is called the (j) climax community. Sometimes that community is destroyed by a (k) fire. A new community will replace the destroyed one through the process of (l) secondary succession. This process happens much (m) quicker because the soil is usually left (n) intact.
3. What is Earth’s carrying capacity? It is unknown…we keep increasing it 4. What technologies have helped the human population grow? a. medical advancements b. farming techniques etc)
c. sanitation (clean running water,
5. For the following terms draw a picture to symbolize its meaning /function: a. Ecological Footprint
e. Biomagnification
c. Acid Rain
Drawings will vary. But you need to have a drawing. Use your book (use the definitions/examples for help) or search online for pictures.
b. Greenhouse Effect
f. Indicator Species
d. Invasive Species
6. Fill in the T‐Chart with the proper examples: Renewable Resources Nonrenewable Resources Oil Water Sunlight Natural Gas Wind Coal 18. What is an ecological footprint? The amount of land necessary to produce and maintain enough food, water, shelter, energy, and waste.
a. What factors determine its size? Amount/Efficiency of resources used and amount/toxicity of waste produced. 19. What is biodiversity? Give at least one reason/example as to why it is important to humans? The variety of living things (species) living in an ecosystem. Biodiversity keeps ecosystems stable (like food webs). 20. What are the consequences to a loss of biodiversity? A loss of biodiversity means species are disappearing which can lead to ecosystems becoming unstable or unbalanced, 21. How can protecting an umbrella species protect an entire ecosystem? When a species is put on the endangered species list actions are taken to protect its habitat and anything it would need to survive/reproduce, including whole ecosystems. When a habitat/ecosystem is protected for one species, all the other species (plant or animal) living there also get protected by default. 22. Compare & contrast: Umbrella species A species that has been placed on the endangered species list. Protected by the Endangered Species Act Entire ecosystems are protected for the sole purpose of saving one particular species
Keystone species
Both positively affect other Form and maintain a species in their habitats complex web of life. Both have an unusually large Whatever happens impact on their to this species habitats/ecosystems affects all the other species connected to 23. How do governmental actions help to preserve natural habitats and protect resources? the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created to help protect the environment. They helped to create policies & regulations to keep the air clean (Clean Air Act), keep the water clean (Clean Water Act), and keep species from going extinct (Endangered Species Act). The government also created the National Park Service which manages the wilderness in a way that allows for land to be protected while people can visit/enjoy it. 24. Explain biomagnifications giving examples in your explanation. Biomagnification is the accumulation of toxins (pollution) as you go up the food chain, or trophic levels. For example, in the following food chain: smelt Æ trout Æeagle, the smelt have the smallest amount of pollution, but as the trout eats smelt it accumulates in the trout, and then moves up to the eagle. The eagle is most affected.
