Period: _____. DNA and Transcription Tutorial. Directions: Start the program titled âDNA and Transcription tutorial.â Press the F5button to start ...
DNA and Transcription Tutorial Directions: Start the program titled “DNA and Transcription tutorial.” Press the F5button to start the tutorial. Do not use the keyboard during this tutorial. It will interfere with the timing mechanisms of the slideshow. Click “START FROM BEGINNING” Genes and DNA 1. What is a gene? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. How many genes do humans contain? __________________________________________________ 3. Proteins are made from smaller units called _____________________________________________. Genes 4. What is created from the instructions found within genes? __________________________________ 5. Where are genes located? ____________________________________________________________ 6. Which organelle creates proteins? _____________________________________________________ Meet Melissa 7. What is Melissa’s task? ______________________________________________________________ 8. What do construction blue-prints contain? _______________________________________________ 9. What do genes contain? _____________________________________________________________ 10. A gene is a small section of _________________________. Transcription 11. Define TRANSCRIPTION. _________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Where is DNA stored? ______________________________________________________________ 13. What is the function of RNA polymerase? _________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Which type of organic molecule is RNA polymerase? ______________________________________ 15. What happens once the entire strand of DNA has been separated? _________________________________________________________________________________ Transcription Rules 16. Fill in the transcription table below. DNA A T C G
mRNA
Predicting Transcription 17. Perform transcription and click on the proper RNA base that will match with the given DNA base. DNA
T
A
C
A
G
G
T
mRNA
18. In order, list 3 things that happen once the mRNA is created. a. ___________________________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________________________________________ c. ___________________________________________________________________________ Fate of the DNA 19. After the mRNA is created, what happens to the separated DNA? ____________________________ The Final Stage 20. Why is a fax a good analogy to mRNA? ________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 21. What is the construction site of a protein? _______________________________________________ 22. Which process begins at the ribosome? _________________________________________________ 23. Define TRANSLATION. ____________________________________________________________ Review Questions 1. What will eventually be created by the DNA code of a gene? ________________________________ 2. RNA polymerase separates DNA at the start of which process? ______________________________ 3. RNA polymerase is a type of which organic molecule? _____________________________________ 4. Which shows the process of transcription done properly? DNA
A
C
C
G
T
T
A
T
mRNA
5. After exiting the nucleus, where will the finished mRNA travel? _____________________________ 6. Once arriving at the ribosome, which process will begin next? _______________________________
Translation Tutorial Directions: Open the PowerPoint titled “Translation Tutorial” and press the F5 button to start. Place your keyboard aside (if possible) and only use the mouse. Translation 1. What happens at the ribosome? _________________________________________________________________ 2. Define TRANSLATION. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Transcription Review 3. Where inside a cell does transcription take place? ___________________________________________________ 4. What is the job of RNA polymerase? ______________________________________________________________ 5. Which type of organic molecule is RNA polymerase? _________________________________________________ 6. What attaches to the DNA once it has been separated? ______________________________________________ 7. Where does mRNA travel after exiting the nucleus? _________________________________________________ Translation Process 8. What are three consecutive mRNA nucleotides called? _______________________________________________ 9. How many codons are shown in the picture? _______________________________________________________ 10. What is created from a series of amino acids? ______________________________________________________ The Genetic Code: When needed, use the chart below to answer various questions that follow.
AUG Codon 11. Which amino acid matches with the AUG codon? ___________________________________________________ 12. What is unique about the AUG codon besides matching for Methionine? ________________________________ CCA Codon 13. Which amino acid matches with the CCA codon? ___________________________________________________ 14. What do the STOP codons do? __________________________________________________________________
15. List the three STOP codons. a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
Transfer RNA 16. What is the role of tRNA? ______________________________________________________________________ 17. Where can the tRNA and amino acids be found? ____________________________________________________ Watching the Process 18. Which organelle begins to read the mRNA? ________________________________________________________ 19. AUG = which amino acid? ______________________________________________________________________ 20. Who/what delivers the amino acids to the ribosome? ________________________________________________ 21. CCA = which amino acid? ______________________________________________________________________ 22. UAU = which amino acid? ______________________________________________________________________ 23. GGC = which amino acid? ______________________________________________________________________ 24. When finished, how many amino acids are most proteins? ____________________________________________ 25. Finished proteins are exported from the cell by which organelle? ______________________________________ Final Review Questions 26. Review #1: Which process creates the mRNA that is read by the ribosome? ______________________________ 27. Review #2: What does tRNA deliver to the ribosome? ________________________________________________ 28. Review #3: Which molecule directly determines which amino acid transfer RNA delivers to the ribosome? _____ 29. Review #4: Where does the process of translation take place? _________________________________________ 30. Review #5: If the DNA code was TTC-AAT-GGC, perform transcription to determine the mRNA code. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 31. Review #6: If the mRNA code is AAG-UUA-CCG, which three amino acids are going to be delivered to the ribosome? __________________________________________________________________________________
