So, the # of atoms on the ______ side of the equation is ______ to the # of atoms on the ... R. Activity Series (Check this table for single replaceme...
Chemical Reactions Notes (Ch. 8) A. What is a chemical reaction? ___________________________ a _____________________ is made by rearranging the atoms. (___________________ & ___________________ are formed.) When chemical properties of a substance change, perhaps a new substance is made.
B. Chemical Equation _________ Fe2O3 + H2
___________ Fe + H2O
_____________ = the original substances in a chem rxn. (_______) _____________ = the substances that are created in a chem rxn. (_______) C. Evidence of Chemical Change (How do you know whether a chemical reaction has taken place or not? ) 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________ 4. __________________________________________________
Ms. Park
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D. Chemical Reactions & Energy Chemical rxns ___________ or _____________________. __________change occurs during a chem rxn. Particles must collide for a rxn to occur. E. 5 Types of Chemical Reaction 1. ______________________ A + B -> AB 2. ______________________ BC -> B + C 3. ______________________ AB + C -> AC + B 4. ______________________ AB + CD -> AD + CB 5. _______________________ Hydrocarbon + O2 -> CO2 + H2O F. Identify the type of reactions. 2 C + O2 2 CO HCl + NaOH HOH (or H2O ) + NaCl 2 H2O O2 + 2 H2 2 K + Cl2 2 KCl CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O G. Balancing Chemical Equations. 1. Law of Conservation of Matter Matter is _______________________________. So, the # of atoms on the _______ side of the equation is __________ to the # of atoms on the _______ side. __________________ = _____________________ H. Symbols in Chemical Equations. (s) (l) (g) (aq) I. Balancing the Equations. 1.____________________________________________________________. 2.____________________________________________________________. 3.______________________________. 4. Check your answers. Ms. Park
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J. Coefficient A ______________ multiplies the number of atoms of each element in the formula that follows. ____________ _____________ = _____________ H2O: ____ H atoms, ____ O atom 2 H2O: ____H atoms, ____ O atoms Ca3(PO4)2 : ____ Ca atoms, ____ P atoms, __ O atoms 3 Ca3(PO4)2 : ____ Ca atoms, ____ P atoms, ____ O atoms K. Balancing the Equation. methane + oxygen carbon dioxide + water _CH4 + _O2 _CO2 + _H2O
L. Tips for Balancing Equations. 1. Delay the balancing of elements (often hydrogen and oxygen) that occur in several reactants or products. 2. If the same polyatomic ions appear on both sides of the equation, treat them as single units, like mono-atomic ions. 3. Balance the elements left to right. 4. Balancing one element may unbalance others. M. Word Equations 1. Translate ___________ to ___________ _________. 2. Find the __________. 3. ___________ to get new ratios. 4. Balance the equation. N. Diatomic Molecules -Exists at __________ of the same element. ____________________ and _____ Methods of remembering them: 1.______________________ 2.______________________ O. Converting a Word Equation into a Chemical Equation Iron (III) nitrate + lithium hydroxide lithium nitrate + iron(III) hydroxide Answer: Ms. Park
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P. Predicting Products from the Word Equation. 1. Translate words (names) to chemical symbols. 2. Find the charges. 3. Criss-cross for the reactants. 4. Determine what type of reaction it is. 5. Switch the ions (Cation w/ cation or anion w/ anion). 6. Write metal first and then a non-metal. 7. Look up the charges. 8. Criss-cross for the products. 9. Balance the equation. Q. Predicting the Products Examples 1.Copper + silver nitrate -> Cu + AgNO3 -> 2.Sodium phosphate + calcium chloride -> Na3PO4 + CaCl2 -> R. Activity Series (Check this table for single replacement reactions.)
-A metal on _____ is more _______ than a metal at the _________ of the activity series. -A ____________ can replace any _______________ but a ___________ ________ cannot replace the ______ -Activity series can be used to predict whether a single replacement reaction will occur or not. Ms. Park
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Example: CaCl2 + Zn -> Will this singe replacement occur? Why or why not?
S. Solubility Chart -Shows which _________ compounds dissolve in water and which ones don’t. -Shows which products will form ______________ (a sign of chemical reaction). Precipitates are insoluble _______________________. Aqueous means the chemical is ___________________. -Can be used to predict whether a ___________ _____________ reaction will occur or not.
