Chapter Review

Name __________________________________________________ Date _____________________ Class ____________

Chapter Review

CHAPTER 4

Understanding the Atom

Part A. Vocabulary Review Directions: Identify the item in Column II that matches the description in Column I by writing the

correct letter in the space provided. 1. matter that is made up of only one type of

A. atoms

atom B. atomic number 2. a negatively charged particle that orbits the

nucleus of an atom 3. a positively charged particle that is present in

the nucleus of an atom 4. an uncharged particle in the nucleus of an

atom 5. region around the nucleus in which the

electrons move about 6. the number of protons in the nucleus of an

element’s atom 7. a wavelength pattern of visible light produced Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

when elements are heated or electrified 8. the number of neutrons plus protons in the

nucleus of an atom 9. the weighted average mass of the mixture of

the isotopes for an element 10. small particles that make up matter

C. average atomic mass D. electromagnetic spectrum E. electron F. electron cloud G. element H. energy levels I. ion J. isotopes K. mass number L. nucleus M. neutron N. proton O. spectral lines

11. the massive part of an atom that contains

protons and neutrons 12. an atom that has lost or gained electrons 13. paths around the nucleus that electrons follow 14. the entire range of electromagnetic waves with

different frequencies 15. atoms of the same element that have different

numbers of neutrons

Understanding the Atom

25

Name __________________________________________________ Date _____________________ Class ____________

Chapter Review CONTINUED Part B. Concept Review Directions: Draw the Bohr model of an atom below. Label the parts of the atom using the terms and numbers below. Indicate which parts have a negative, positive, or neutral charge. Use your diagram to answer questions 17–20. 16. Current Atomic Model

Terms: 6 electrons 7 neutrons 1 nucleus 7 protons 17. Examine What is the atomic number of your atom? 18. Use the chart to the right to calculate the atomic

mass of the atom you drew. 19. Decide Is your atom model an ion? Yes or No If yes, what is the charge of the ion?

Particle Proton Neutron Electron

Mass (amu) 1.007316 1.008701 0.000549

Directions: Choose the correct answer for each question. 20. Two atoms of hydrogen always combine with one atom of oxygen to form water.

21. All atoms of a particular element always have the same number

of A. protons

. B. electrons

A. Matter

is anything that has mass and takes up space. B. An atom C. A nucleus D. An electron

A. Dalton

developed a model called the atomic theory of matter. B. Thomson C. Rutherford D. Democritus

22.

23.

C. neutrons

D. neutrinos

24. Atoms with the same number of electrons in their outer energy level

have A. similar properties C. the same atomic mass 26

Understanding the Atom

. B. the same mass unit D. the same atomic number

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

This is an example of . A. atomic mass B. periodic table laws C. the law of definite proportions D. the law of conservation of mass

Name __________________________________________________ Date _____________________ Class ____________

Chapter Test

A

CHAPTER 4

Understanding the Atom

Part A. Multiple Choice Directions: In the space at the left, write the letter of the phrase that best answers each question. 1. What is a proton? A. the nucleus of an atom B. a particle with a neutral charge C. a particle in an atom with a positive charge D. a particle in an atom with a negative charge 2. What did Rutherford’s model show? A. an electron cloud B. radioactive isotopes C. empty space in an atom D. alpha particles in the nucleus 3. What information does the atomic number give? A. the number of isotopes in the atom B. the number of electrons in the atom C. the number of protons in the nucleus D. the number of neutrons in the nucleus

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Part B. Matching Directions: Write the letter of the correct term on the line next to its description. Answers may be used

only once. Matching Set 1 1. total mass of starting materials is always the

same as the total mass of the products 2. symbols and wooden models that helped

scientists understand each other

A. law of definite proportions B. law of conservation of mass C. Dalton’s atomic model

3. pure compounds always contain the same

elements in the same proportions by mass Matching Set 2 4. neutral particle in the nucleus

D. proton

5. positively charged particle in the nucleus

E. neutron

6. negatively charged particle in the atom

F. electron

Understanding the Atom

27

Name __________________________________________________ Date _____________________ Class ____________

Chapter Test

A

CONTINUED

Part C. Completing a Table Directions: Use the formulas below to complete the table.

Atomic number = number of protons Mass number = number of protons 1 number of neutrons Element 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A B C D E

Number of Protons 3 2 11 17

Number of Neutrons 4 12 6 18

Number of Electrons 3 2 11 6

Atomic Number 2 11 6 17

Mass Number 7 4 12 35

Part D. Short Answer Directions: Respond to each statement in the space provided. 1. Explain the findings from Thomson’s cathode-ray experiment.

3. Describe an electron cloud.

28

Understanding the Atom

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

2. Deduce What happens when an atom gains or loses an electron.