© 2008 Scorecard is produced by the Arab American Institute. Compiled by: Nora Bisharat, Leigh O'Neill, and John Sakakini Design: Mark Ibrahim For more information please visit www.aaiusa.org.
Go beyond the ballot box… Take action 365 days a year! The Arab American Institute has compiled this Scorecard for the 110th Congress to inform our community of their members’ voting records. Scorecard is based on Congressional actions on a number of issues, which are outlined below. Though not comprehensive, and though no member of Congress can be judged fairly by any single action, this guide provides a general profile of Congressional behavior that we hope will help Arab Americans better understand actions taken on these issues. While it is vital that you cast your vote on Election Day, it is just as important that you stay involved throughout the year, especially when issues come before Congress or locally in your state. Here are some ways you can take action:
Online
Address letters to Congress to:
Visit the AAI website (www.aaiusa.org), where you will find frequently updated information on issues of interest to the Arab American community.
Hon. (Senator’s name) U.S. Senate Washington, DC 20510
You can contact your senators and representatives on the Action Alerts portion of our website: just select the issue you are concerned about and enter the zip code to get started.
Hon. (Representative’s name) U.S. House of Representatives Washington, DC 20515
You will be prompted to select which of your representatives you would like to write to and to fill out your name and contact information. We will include sample letters and issue briefs to assist you. It is a quick, easy and effective way to get your message across. You can also visit the websites of your senators and congressional representatives at www.house.gov or www.senate.gov to send an email.
Phone Calls Phone calls are one of the most common, and easiest, means of communicating with your member’s office. When you call, we recommend that you: • Ask to speak to the relevant legislative assistant or, in the case of district offices, caseworker. • Always be polite when expressing your views. • Follow up with a letter stating your concerns. Capitol Switchboard: (202) 224-3121
Letters
Personal Visits
If you would like to write a personalized letter, please keep the following tips in mind: • Keep the letter concise, polite and to the point. • Note the name and number of a particular piece of legislation in the letter. • Follow up with a phone call a week or two after sending your letter.
Personal visits, to congressional offices either in state or in Washington, are the most effective means of communicating with your representatives. Tips for a successful visit with your representatives can be found at www.aaiusa.org. Click on Get Involved then Actions Alerts, and then the Issues and Legislation tab and see the section called Capitol Hill Basics.
Palestinians since 1948. The 77 Senators who signed the letter receive a (–).
Senate
Palestine The Annapolis summit in November 2007 was presented as an opportunity to achieve a just, lasting and comprehensive resolution to the IsraeliPalestinian conflict that would result in two states, Palestine and Israel, living side by side in peace and security. AAI favored efforts that focused on promoting positive, constructive American diplomacy working towards unifying all parties around the common purpose of peace. Divisive, imbalanced or provocative efforts received a negative score. 1. Senators Joseph Biden (D-DE) and John Sununu (R-NH) circulated a letter calling for $20 million to establish a “new Israeli-Palestinian Peace, Reconciliation and Democracy Fund” to foster Middle East coexistence through educational programs, economic and community development and inter-religious dialogue for Israelis and Palestinians. This program augments the $20 million fund authorized by Congress last year to support peaceful coexistence and reconciliation between Israelis and Palestinians. The 28 senators who signed the Sununu-Biden letter receive a (+). 2. Senator Richard Lugar (R-IN) and Senator Dick Durbin (D-IL) both receive a (+) for co-authoring a resolution encouraging cooperation between Jordanians, Israelis and Palestinians to preserve the Dead Sea and Jordan River—bodies of water with exceptional historic, religious, cultural, economic, and environmental importance to the Middle East and the world. 3. President George W. Bush’s speech in Jerusalem affirmed that a just and lasting resolution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict must ensure that “the state of Palestine is viable, contiguous, sovereign and independent,” demonstrating forward momentum for the peace process restarted at Annapolis. Legislative efforts in the Senate focused primarily on commemorating the 60th anniversary of Israel rather than bolstering this renewed diplomacy with substantive language or legislation. A letter circulated by Senators Mary Landrieu (D-LA) and Susan Collins (R-ME) in recognition of Israel’s anniversary also placed blame for lack of peace squarely on the Palestinians; ignored the urgent humanitarian crisis perpetuated by the blockade of the Gaza Strip; and failed to incorporate any commemoration of the plight of the 2
Iraq A responsible course towards ending the war and achieving long term peace and security in Iraq must recognize that diplomatic engagement, not a military strategy, is the way to resolve the ongoing political stalemate; address the humanitarian crisis facing refugees and internally displaced persons; and attract international support for Iraqi reconstruction. AAI focused its Iraq scoring on the important issue of American support for Iraqi refugees as well as the bipartisan recommendations of the Iraq Study Group report, which tie the withdrawal of American troops to regional diplomacy. 4. Senator Edward Kennedy (D-MA) deserves special recognition for his continued leadership on developing a sustainable American policy to address the critical needs of Iraqi refugees. After co-authoring a report on the state of the refugee crisis with Senator Joseph Biden (D-DE), Senator Kennedy introduced a bill that would establish a White House Coordinator for Iraqi Refugees to serve as a liaison between U.S. officials, international organizations and the government of Iraq, while monitoring assistance to countries in the Middle East hosting Iraqi refugees. The 7 senators who cosponsored this bill receive a (+).
Iran Blockade The appropriate course of action to address Iran’s development of nuclear technology remains a controversial and complex issue for Americans and Congress. AAI favored efforts advocating for the United States to lead multilateral diplomatic efforts and directly engage all countries in the Middle East, including Iran, when working towards a plan for regional peace and stability. 5. A bill designed to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons capability, introduced by Senator Evan Bayh (D-IN), included support for a blockade of oil shipments into Iran. While the resolution specifically stated that no provision “should be construed as an authorization of the use of force against Iran,” cutting off oil shipments could only be achieved through a naval blockade, considered an
act of war under international law. The 52 senators who cosponsored received a (–).
The transformation and expansion of counterterrorism practices continue—and with civil liberties protections too often compromised by the imperative of national security. Last summer, Congress began its massive overhaul of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) when it passed a controversial emergency bill allowing the Administration to temporarily continue warrantless surveillance of American citizens and residents. AAI based its scoring of the modernization of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act on whether the new provisions achieve balance in protecting civil liberties while enhancing our nation’s security. 6. Senator John D. Rockefeller (D-WV) introduced S.2248, a bill that would amend the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA) to permit the surveillance of U.S. citizens without judicial approval and provide immunity for telecommunication companies who cooperated with the government’s illegal surveillance program after September 11, 2001. Senator Chris Dodd (D-CT) deserves special recognition for his public stance in favor of an alternative bill, introduced by the Senate Judiciary Committee, prohibiting retroactive immunity to the telecommunications companies. The 79 senators who cosponsored the original version of S. 2248 receive a (–). 7. The Senate refused to consider the final version of the RESTORE Act, the House version of the FISA bill that incorporated civil liberties protections and rejected blanket immunity for telecommunications companies. The FISA Amendments Act that passed through the Senate and was ultimately signed by President Bush left out protections for Americans against unjustified surveillance. It also provided immunity to the telecommunications companies that complied with warrantless surveillance after September 11, 2001. The 68 senators who voted for the amended version of the FISA Amendments Act receive a (–).
Special
9. Cluster Bombs: Senator Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) introduced a resolution calling for the United States to embrace efforts to protect innocent civilians from cluster munitions and sign the Convention on Cluster Munitions when it opens for signature at the Oslo Convention in December 2008. Over 4 million cluster bombs were dropped by Israel in the final days of its war with Lebanon and resulted in the death of more than 40 people and left hundreds wounded. The 13 cosponsors of this bill receive a (+). 10. Hariri Commemoration: In commemoration of the third anniversary of the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafiq Hariri, Senators Hillary Clinton (D-NY), John McCain (R-AZ) and Barack Obama (D-IL) each receive a (+) for their individual remarks supporting the Lebanese people and their efforts in building national consensus. 11. Domestic Counterterrorism: Senators Susan Collins (R-ME) and Norm Coleman (R-MN) receive a (–) for introducing legislation to establish a National Commission on the Prevention of Violent Radicalization and Homegrown Terrorism. The bill broadly defined the purpose of the commission, stating only that it would “aim to examine and report on facts and causes of violent radicalization, homegrown terrorism, and ideologically based violence in the United States.” The legislation also failed to incorporate specific safeguards against first amendment violations and racial and religious profiling. 12. Domestic Counterterrorism: The Senate Homeland Security and Government Affairs Committee Chairman Joe Lieberman (I-CT) and Ranking Member Susan Collins (R-ME) both receive a (–) for jointly issuing a controversial Committee report on “homegrown terrorism.” The study makes the unsubstantiated claim that the threat posed by violent extremists now comes “increasingly from within” the U.S. and falsely characterizes Muslims in America as susceptible to radicalization.
8. U.S.-Syria Relations: The Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Near Eastern Affairs Chairman John Kerry (D-MA) and Ranking Member 3
Senate
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
Chuck Hagel (R-NE) receive a (+) for their joint statement calling for the U.S. to begin a “substantive dialogue with Syria.” The senators explained that diplomatic engagement with Syria could augment renewed negotiations between Syria and Israel; stabilize peace and ensure sovereignty for Lebanon; and lead to further regional cooperation in Iraq.
House
Palestine The Annapolis summit in November 2007 was presented as an opportunity to achieve a just, lasting and comprehensive resolution to the IsraeliPalestinian conflict that would result in two states, Palestine and Israel, living side by side in peace and security. AAI favored efforts that focused on promoting positive, constructive American diplomacy working towards unifying all parties around the common purpose of peace. Divisive, imbalanced or provocative efforts received a negative score. 1. Congressmen Gary Ackerman (D-NY) and Charles Boustany (R-LA) circulated a bipartisan, pro-peace letter recognizing the high stakes involved in the success of the Annapolis meeting and calling for “regional consensus.” The letter affirmed that “a still-born initiative could set back prospects for peace, destabilize regional allies, and exacerbate an already volatile situation in the Middle East” and recommended a reorientation of U.S. aid programs to the Palestinians that would encourage economic development and job creation to “create the atmosphere of hope required for the success of diplomatic efforts.” The 135 representatives who signed the letter receive a (+). 2. Congressmen Ray LaHood (R-IL) and David Price (D-NC) sent a letter to President Bush ahead of his May 2008 Middle East trip calling for bolstered U.S. engagement in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process and support for implementing the Roadmap. The letter also advocated exploring potential efforts to achieve a ceasefire and an end to the Gaza blockade, recognizing that the siege is “exacerbating an already grave humanitarian situation” and that “for the peace process to be viable, solutions must be found to stabilize the Gaza situation, preserve the achievements made in peace talks, and maintain forward momentum.” The 52 representatives who signed the letter receive a (+). 3. In recognition of Israel’s 60th anniversary, House leadership set aside floor time each week from April through June for members to make commemorative remarks. During this period, Congressmen Steny Hoyer (D-MD), Roy Blunt (R-MO), Howard Berman (D-CA) and Congresswoman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R-FL) circulated a letter that honored Israel’s 60th anniversary but placed blame for lack of peace squarely on the Palestinians; ignored the urgent humanitarian crisis perpetuated by the blockade of the Gaza Strip; and failed to 4
incorporate any commemoration of the plight of the Palestinians since 1948. The 268 representatives who signed onto the letter receive a (–). 4. Congresswoman Barbara Lee (D-CA) introduced positive legislation affirming the importance of U.S. support for nongovernmental organizations working to bring just and lasting peace between Israelis and Palestinians. The bill noted that the “conflict is currently at a critical juncture, and sustained progress towards peace depends on the commitment of individuals and organizations that choose dialogue, friendship, and openness.” The 36 representatives who cosponsored the letter receive a (+).
Iraq A responsible course towards ending the war and achieving long term peace and security in Iraq must recognize that diplomatic engagement, not a military strategy, is the way to resolve the ongoing political stalemate; address the humanitarian crisis facing refugees and internally displaced persons; and attract international support for Iraqi reconstruction. AAI focused its Iraq scoring on the important issue of American support for Iraqi refugees as well as the bipartisan recommendations of the Iraq Study Group report, which tie the withdrawal of American troops to regional diplomacy. 5. A bill was introduced by Congressman Alcee Hastings (D-FL) to address the impending humanitarian crisis and potential security breakdown as a result of the mass influx of Iraqi refugees into neighboring countries. The legislation directs the State Department to provide Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Iran, and the international NGOs operating within those countries, with specified humanitarian aid. The bill also authorizes appropriations for additional infrastructure and humanitarian assistance for Iraqi refugees in Jordan, as well as support for the Jordanian people. The 19 representatives who cosponsored the bill receive a (+). 6. Congressman Wayne Gilchrest (R-MD) introduced a bill calling for the Administration to engage in comprehensive, multilateral diplomacy across the Middle East. The bipartisan bill calls for the U.S. to “engage directly with Iran and Syria in order to try to obtain their commitment to constructive policies toward Iraq and other regional issues” and notes that “there must be a renewed and sustained commitment by the United States to a
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act The transformation and expansion of counterterrorism practices continue—and with civil liberties protections too often compromised by the imperative of national security. Last summer, Congress began its massive overhaul of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) when it passed a controversial emergency bill allowing the Administration to temporarily continue warrantless surveillance of American citizens and residents. AAI based its scoring of the modernization of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act on whether the new provisions achieve balance in protecting civil liberties while enhancing our nation’s security. 7. Congressman Rush Holt (D-NJ) deserves special recognition for introducing legislation that would repeal the controversial FISA law and require a warrant for surveillance of people within the United States. The RESTORE Act, introduced by Congressman John Conyers (D-MI), incorporated many protections included in Congressman Holt’s bill, but allowed for warrantless surveillance of communications between a person in the United States, including American citizens, and a person abroad. The 227 representatives who voted for the November 2007 version of the RESTORE Act receive a (+). 8. The Senate refused to consider the final version of the RESTORE Act, the House version of the FISA bill that passed in March 2008 and included civil liberties protections and rejected blanket immunity for telecommunications companies. The FISA Amendments Act that passed through the Senate, and was ultimately signed by President Bush, left out protections for Americans against unjustified surveillance. It also provided immunity to the telecommunications companies that complied with warrantless surveillance after September 11, 2001. The 293 representatives who voted for the final version of the FISA Amendments Act receive a (–).
Special 9. Cluster Bombs: Congressman James McGovern (D-MA) introduced a resolution calling for the United States to embrace efforts to protect innocent civilians from cluster munitions and sign the
Convention on Cluster Munitions when it opens for signature at the Oslo Convention in December 2008. Over 4 million cluster bombs were dropped by Israel in the final days of its war with Lebanon and resulted in the death of more than 40 people and left hundreds wounded. The 7 representatives who cosponsored the joint resolution receive a (+). 10. Restoring U.S. Credibility: Chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on International Organizations, Human Rights and Oversight, Congressman William Delahunt (D-MA), deserves special recognition for commissioning a three-part study on the decline of U.S. standing in the world. To augment the findings of this report, a resolution was introduced by Congresswoman Gwen Moore (D-WI) “supporting efforts to advance United States international diplomacy and engagement in order to restore United States credibility abroad.” The bill called for the implementation of key recommendations of the Iraq Study Group report; diplomatic efforts to secure Israeli-Palestinian peace; and proactive efforts by the Federal government to recognize and incorporate appropriate diplomatic language to deal with the threats facing our country. The 12 representatives who cosponsored the resolution receive a (+). 11. Official Terminology: Congressman Peter Hoekstra (R-MI) introduced an amendment to the 2009 Intelligence Appropriations bill barring the use of funds to prohibit or discourage the use of phrases “jihadist,” “jihad,” “Islamo-fascism,” “caliphate,” “Islamist,” or “Islamic terrorist” within the Intelligence Community or the Federal Government. The amendment countered findings in a memorandum issued by the Department of Homeland Security Office of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties on the importance of using appropriate and accurate terminology to describe a terrorist threat. The 249 representatives who voted for the amendment receive a (–). 12. Congressmen Keith Ellison (D-MN) and Zach Wamp (R-TN) introduced a bipartisan resolution in support of “spirit of peace and desire for unity displayed in initiatives of interfaith dialogue among leaders of the three Abrahamic faiths”—Christianity, Islam and Judaism—noting that the “United States encourages the many people of faith around the world who reject terrorism, radicalism, and extremism to join these and similar efforts in order to build a common bond based on peace, reconciliation, and a commitment to tolerance.” The 27 representatives who cosponsored the resolution receive a (+). 5
House
comprehensive Arab-Israeli peace on all fronts.” The bill also advocated for a responsible and strategic drawdown of US military forces from Iraq. The 26 representatives who cosponsored this legislation receive a (+).
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ALABAMA Jeff Sessions (R) Richard C. Shelby (R) ALASKA Lisa Murkowski (R) Ted Stevens (R) ARIZONA Jon Kyl (R) John McCain (R) ARKANSAS Blanche L. Lincoln (D) Mark Pryor (D) CALIFORNIA Barbara Boxer (D) Dianne Feinstein (D) COLORADO Wayne A. Allard (R) Ken Salazar (D) CONNECTICUT Christopher J. Dodd (D) Joseph I. Lieberman (I) DELAWARE Joseph Biden, Jr. (D) Thomas R. Carper (D) FLORIDA Mel Martinez (R) Bill Nelson (D) GEORGIA Saxby Chambliss (R) Johnny Isakson (R) HAWAII Daniel K. Akaka (D) Daniel K. Inouye (D) IDAHO Larry E. Craig (R) Michael D. Crapo (R) ILLINOIS Richard J. Durbin (D) Barack Obama (D) INDIANA Evan Bayh (D) Richard G. Lugar (R) IOWA Charles E. Grassley (R) Tom Harkin (D) KANSAS Sam Brownback (R) Pat Roberts (R) KENTUCKY Jim Bunning (R) Mitch McConnell (R) LOUISIANA Mary L. Landrieu (D) David Vitter (R) MAINE Susan M. Collins (R) Olympia J. Snowe (R)
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MARYLAND Benjamin L. Cardin (D) Barbara A. Mikulski (D) MASSACHUSETTS Edward M. Kennedy (D) John F. Kerry (D) MICHIGAN Carl Levin (D) Debbie Stabenow (D) MINNESOTA Norm Coleman (R) Amy Klobuchar (D) MISSISSIPPI Thad Cochran (R) Trent Lott (R) Roger Wicker (R) 12/07 MISSOURI Christopher S. Bond (R) Claire C. McCaskill (D) MONTANA Max Baucus (D) Jon Tester (D) NEBRASKA Charles Hagel (R) Benjamin E. Nelson (D) NEVADA John Ensign (R) Harry Reid (D) NEW HAMPSHIRE Judd Gregg (R) John Sununu (R) NEW JERSEY Frank Lautenberg (D) Robert Menendez (D) NEW MEXICO Jeff Bingaman (D) Pete V. Domenici (R) NEW YORK Hillary Rodham Clinton (D) Charles E. Schumer (D) NORTH CAROLINA Richard Burr (R) Elizabeth Dole (R) NORTH DAKOTA Kent Conrad (D) Byron L. Dorgan (D) OHIO Sherrod Brown (D) George V. Voinovich (R) OKLAHOMA Tom Coburn (R) James M. Inhofe (R) OREGON Gordon Smith (R) Ron Wyden (D) PENNSYLVANIA Robert P. Casey, Jr. (D)
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5 Doris O. Matsui (D) 6 Lynn C. Woolsey (D) 7 George Miller (D) 8 Nancy Pelosi (D) 9 Barbara Lee (D) 10 Ellen O. Tauscher (D) 11 Gerald McNerney (D) 12 Tom Lantos (D) 12 Jackie Speier (D) 04/08 13 Fortney Pete Stark (D) 14 Anna G. Eshoo (D) 15 Michael M. Honda (D) 16 Zoe Lofgren (D) 17 Sam Farr (D) 18 Dennis A. Cardoza (D) 19 George Radanovich (R) 20 Jim Costa (D) 21 Devin Nunes (R) 22 Kevin McCarthy (R) 23 Lois Capps (D) 24 Elton Gallegly (R) 25 Howard McKeon (R) 26 David Dreier (R) 27 Brad Sherman (D) 28 Howard L. Berman (D) 29 Adam B. Schiff (D) 30 Henry A. Waxman (D) 31 Xavier Becerra (D) 32 Hilda L. Solis (D)
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VERMONT Patrick J. Leahy (D) Bernard Sanders (I) VIRGINIA John W. Warner (R) James Webb (D) WASHINGTON Maria Cantwell (D) Patty Murray (D) WEST VIRGINIA Robert C. Byrd (D) John D. Rockefeller IV (D) WISCONSIN Russell D. Feingold (D) Herb Kohl (D) WYOMING John Barraso (R) Michael B. Enzi (R)
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ALABAMA 1 Jo Bonner (R) 2 Terry Everett (R) 3 Mike Rogers (R) 4 Robert B. Aderholt (R) 5 Robert E. Cramer Jr. (D) 6 Spencer Bachus (R) 7 Artur Davis (D) ALASKA AL Don Young (R) ARIZONA 1 Rick Renzi (R) 2 Trent Franks (R) 3 John B. Shadegg (R) 4 Edward R. Pastor (D) 5 Harry E. Mitchell (D) 6 Jeff Flake (R) 7 Raul M. Grijalva (D) 8 Gabrielle Giffords (D) ARKANSAS 1 Marion Berry (D) 2 Vic Snyder (D) 3 John Boozman (R) 4 Michael Ross (D) CALIFORNIA 1 Mike Thompson (D) 2 Wally Herger (R) 3 Daniel E. Lungren (R) 4 John T. Doolittle (R)
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Arlen Specter (R) RHODE ISLAND Jack Reed (D) Sheldon Whitehouse (D) SOUTH CAROLINA Jim DeMint (R) Lindsey Graham (R) SOUTH DAKOTA Tim Johnson (D) John Thune (R) TENNESSEE Lamar Alexander (R) Bob Corker (R) TEXAS John Cornyn (R) Kay Bailey Hutchison (R) UTAH Robert F. Bennet (R) Orrin G. Hatch (R)
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33 Diane E. Watson (D) 34 Lucille Roybal-Allard (D) 35 Maxine Waters (D) 36 Jane F. Harman (D) 37 Laura Richardson (D) 38 Grace F. Napolitano (D) 39 Linda T. Sanchez (D) 40 Edward R. Royce (R) 41 Jerry Lewis (R) 42 Gary G. Miller (R) 43 Joe Baca (D) 44 Ken Calvert (R) 45 Mary Bono Mack (R) 46 Dana Rohrabacher (R) 47 Loretta Sanchez (D) 48 John Campbell (R) 49 Darrell Issa (R) 50 Brian P. Bilbray (R) 51 Bob Filner (D) 52 Duncan Hunter (R) 53 Susan A. Davis (D) COLORADO 1 Diana DeGette (D) 2 Mark Udall (D) 3 John T. Salazar (D) 4 Marilyn Musgrave (R) 5 Doug Lamborn (R) 6 Thomas G. Tancredo (R) 7 Ed Perlmutter (D) CONNECTICUT 1 John B. Larson (D) 2 Joseph Courtney (D) 3 Rosa L. DeLauro (D) 4 Christopher Shays (R) 5 Christopher Murphy (D) DELAWARE AL Michael N. Castle (R) FLORIDA 1 Jeff Miller (R) 2 Allen Boyd (D) 3 Corrine Brown (D) 4 Ander Crenshaw (R) 5 Ginny Brown-Waite (R) 6 Cliff Stearns (R) 7 John L. Mica (R) 8 Ric Keller (R) 9 Michael Bilirakis (R) 10 C.W. Bill Young (R) 11 Kathy Castor (D) 12 Adam H. Putnam (R) 13 Vern Buchanan (R) 14 Connie Mack (R) 15 Dave Weldon (R) 16 Timothy Mahoney (D) 17 Kendrik Meek (D) 18 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R) 19 Robert Wexler (D)
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20 Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D) 21 Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R) 22 Ron Klein (D) 23 Alcee L. Hastings (D) 24 Tom Feeney (R) 25 Mario Diaz-Balart (R) GEORGIA 1 Jack Kingston (R) 2 Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (D) 3 Lynn Westmoreland (R) 4 Hank Johnson (D) 5 John Lewis (D) 6 Tom Price (R) 7 John Linder (R) 8 Jim Marshall (D) 9 Nathan Deal (R) 10 Paul Broun (R) 11 Phil Gingrey (R) 12 John Barrow (D) 13 David Scott (D) HAWAII 1 Neil Abercrombie (D) 2 Mazie K. Hirono (D) IDAHO 1 William T. Sali (R) 2 Michael K. Simpson (R) ILLINOIS 1 Bobby L. Rush (D) 2 Jesse L. Jackson Jr. (D) 3 Daniel Lipinski (D) 4 Luis V. Gutierrez (D) 5 Rahm Emanuel (D) 6 Peter J. Roskam (R) 7 Danny K. Davis (D) 8 Melissa Bean (D) 9 Janice D. Schakowsky (D) 10 Mark Steven Kirk (R) 11 Jerry Weller (R) 12 Jerry F. Costello (D) 13 Judy Biggert (R) 14 J. Dennis Hastert (R) 14 Bill Foster (D) 03/08 15 Timothy V. Johnson (R) 16 Donald A. Manzullo (R) 17 Phil Hare (D) 18 Ray LaHood (R) 19 John Shimkus (R) INDIANA 1 Peter J. Visclosky (D) 2 Joe Donnelly (D) 3 Mark E. Souder (R) 4 Stephen E. Buyer (R) 5 Dan Burton (R) 6 Mike Pence (R) 7 Julia Carson (D) 7 André Carson (D) 03/08 8 Brad Ellsworth (D)
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9 Baron Hill (D) IOWA 1 Bruce Braley (D) 2 Dave Loebsack (D) 3 Leonard L. Boswell (D) 4 Tom Latham (R) 5 Steve King (R) KANSAS 1 Jerry Moran (R) 2 Nancy Boyda (D) 3 Dennis Moore (D) 4 Todd Tiahrt (R) KENTUCKY 1 Ed Whitfield (R) 2 Ron Lewis (R) 3 John Yarmuth (D) 4 Geoff Davis (R) 5 Harold Rogers (R) 6 Ben Chandler (D) LOUISIANA 1 Bobby Jindal (R) 1 Steve Scalise (R) 05/08 2 William J. Jefferson (D) 3 Charlie Melancon (D) 4 Jim McCrery (R) 5 Rodney P. Alexander (R) 6 Richard H. Baker (R) 6 Donald J. Cazayoux, Jr. (D) 05/08 7 Charles W. Boustany (R) MAINE 1 Thomas H. Allen (D) 2 Michael H. Michaud (D) MARYLAND 1 Wayne T. Gilchrest (R) 2 C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger (D) 3 John Sarbanes (D) 4 Albert Russell Wynn (D) 4 Donna Edwards (D) 06/08 5 Steny H. Hoyer (D) 6 Roscoe G. Bartlett (R) 7 Elijah E. Cummings (D) 8 Chris Van Hollen (D) MASSACHUSETTS 1 John W. Olver (D) 2 Richard E. Neal (D) 3 James P. McGovern (D) 4 Barney Frank (D) 5 Martin T. Meehan (D) 5 Niki Tsongas (D) 10/07 6 John F. Tierney (D) 7 Edward J. Markey (D) 8 Michael E. Capuano (D) 9 Stephen F. Lynch (D) 10 William D. Delahunt (D) MICHIGAN 1 Bart Stupak (D) 2 Peter Hoekstra (R)
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3 Vernon J. Ehlers (R) 4 Dave Camp (R) 5 Dale E. Kildee (D) 6 Fred Upton (R) 7 Tim Walberg (R) 8 Michael J. Rogers (R) 9 Joe Knollenberg (R) 10 Candice S. Miller (R) 11 Thaddeus G. McCotter (R) 12 Sander M. Levin (D) 13 Carolyn C. Kilpatrick (D) 14 John Conyers Jr. (D) 15 John D. Dingell (D) MINNESOTA 1 Tim Walz (D) 2 John Kline (R) 3 Jim Ramstad (R) 4 Betty McCollum (D) 5 Keith M. Ellison (D) 6 Michele Bachman (R) 7 Collin C. Peterson (D) 8 James L. Oberstar (D) MISSISSIPPI 1 Roger F. Wicker (R) 1 Travis Childers (D) 05/08 2 Bennie G. Thompson (D) 3 C.W. “Chip” Pickering (R) 4 Gene Taylor (D) MISSOURI 1 William "Lacy" Clay (D) 2 Todd Akin (R) 3 Russ Carnahan (D) 4 Ike Skelton (D) 5 Emanuel Cleaver (D) 6 Samuel B. Graves (R) 7 Roy Blunt (R) 8 Jo Ann Emerson (R) 9 Kenny C. Hulshof (R) MONTANA AL Dennis R. Rehberg (R) NEBRASKA 1 Jeff Fortenberry (R) 2 Lee Terry (R) 3 Adrian Smith (R) NEVADA 1 Shelley Berkley (D) 2 Dean Heller (R) 3 Jon C. Porter (R) NEW HAMPSHIRE 1 Carol Shea-Porter (D) 2 Paul Hodes (D) NEW JERSEY 1 Robert E. Andrews (D) 2 Frank A. LoBiondo (R) 3 Jim Saxton (R) 4 Christopher H. Smith (R) 5 Scott Garrett (R)
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6 Frank Pallone, Jr. (D) 7 Michael A. Ferguson (R) 8 Bill Pascrell Jr. (D) 9 Steven R. Rothman (D) 10 Donald M. Payne (D) 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen (R) 12 Rush D. Holt (D) 13 Albio Sires (D) NEW MEXICO 1 Heather Wilson (R) 2 Steve Pearce (R) 3 Tom Udall (D) NEW YORK 1 Timothy H. Bishop (D) 2 Steve J. Israel (D) 3 Peter T. King (R) 4 Carolyn McCarthy (D) 5 Gary L. Ackerman (D) 6 Gregory W. Meeks (D) 7 Joseph Crowley (D) 8 Jerrold Nadler (D) 9 Anthony David Weiner (D) 10 Edolphus Towns (D) 11 Yvette Clarke (D) 12 Nydia M. Velazquez (D) 13 Vito Fossella (R) 14 Carolyn B. Maloney (D) 15 Charles B. Rangel (D) 16 Jose E. Serrano (D) 17 Eliot L. Engel (D) 18 Nita M. Lowey (D) 19 John Hall (D) 20 Kirsten Gillibrand (D) 21 Michael R. McNulty (D) 22 Maurice D. Hinchey (D) 23 John M. McHugh (R) 24 Michael Arcuri (D) 25 James T. Walsh (R) 26 Thomas M. Reynolds (R) 27 Brian M. Higgins (D) 28 Louise McIntosh Slaughter (D) 29 Randy Kuhl (R) NORTH CAROLINA 1 G.K. Butterfield (D) 2 Bob Etheridge (D) 3 Walter B. Jones Jr. (R) 4 David E. Price (D) 5 Virginia Foxx (R) 6 Howard Coble (R) 7 Mike McIntyre (D) 8 Robin Hayes (R) 9 Sue Wilkins Myrick (R) 10 Patrick T. McHenry (R) 11 Heath Shuler (D) 12 Melvin L. Watt (D) 13 Brad Miller (D)
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NORTH DAKOTA AL Earl Pomeroy (D) OHIO 1 Steve Chabot (R) 2 Jean Schmidt (R) 3 Michael R. Turner (R) 4 Jim Jordan (R) 5 Paul E. Gillmor (R) 5 Robert E. Latta (R) 12/07 6 Charlie Wilson (D) 7 David L. Hobson (R) 8 John A. Boehner (R) 9 Marcy Kaptur (D) 10 Dennis J. Kucinich (D) 11 Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D) 12 Patrick J. Tiberi (R) 13 Betty S. Sutton (D) 14 Steven C. LaTourette (R) 15 Deborah Pryce (R) 16 Ralph Regula (R) 17 Timothy J. Ryan (D) 18 Zack Space (D) OKLAHOMA 1 John Sullivan (R) 2 Dan Boren (D) 3 Frank D. Lucas (R) 4 Tom Cole (R) 5 Mary Fallin (R) OREGON 1 David Wu (D) 2 Greg Walden (R) 3 Earl Blumenauer (D) 4 Peter A. DeFazio (D) 5 Darlene Hooley (D) PENNSYLVANIA 1 Robert A. Brady (D) 2 Chaka Fattah (D) 3 Phil English (R) 4 Jason Altmire (D) 5 John E. Peterson (R) 6 Jim Gerlach (D) 7 Joe Sestak (D) 8 Patrick Murphy (D) 9 Bill Shuster (R) 10 Christopher Carney (D) 11 Paul E. Kanjorski (D) 12 John P. Murtha (D) 13 Allyson Y. Schwartz (D) 14 Michael F. Doyle (D) 15 Charles W. Dent (R) 16 Joseph R. Pitts (R) 17 Tim Holden (D) 18 Tim Murphy (R) 19 Todd Russell Platts (R) RHODE ISLAND 1 Patrick J. Kennedy (D)
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2 James R. Langevin (D) SOUTH CAROLINA 1 Henry E. Brown Jr. (R) 2 Joe Wilson (R) 3 J. Gresham Barrett (R) 4 Bob Inglis (R) 5 John M. Spratt Jr. (D) 6 James E. Clyburn (D) SOUTH DAKOTA AL Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (D) TENNESSEE 1 David Davis (R) 2 John J. Duncan (R) 3 Zach Wamp (R) 4 Lincoln Davis (D) 5 Jim Cooper (D) 6 Bart Gordon (D) 7 Marsha Blackburn (R) 8 John S. Tanner (D) 9 Stephen I. Cohen (D) TEXAS 1 Louie Gohmert (R) 2 Ted Poe (R) 3 Sam Johnson (R) 4 Ralph M. Hall (R) 5 Jeb Hensarling (R) 6 Joe Barton (R) 7 John A. Culberson (R) 8 Kevin Brady (R) 9 Al Green (D) 10 Michael T. McCaul (R) 11 Michael K. Conaway (R) 12 Kay Granger (R) 13 William Thornberry (R) 14 Ron Paul (R) 15 Ruben Hinojosa (D) 16 Silvestre Reyes (D) 17 Chet Edwards (D) 18 Sheila Jackson Lee (D) 19 Randy Neugebauer (R) 20 Charles A. Gonzalez (D) 21 Lamar S. Smith (R) 22 Nicholas V. Lampson (D) 23 Ciro D. Rodriguez (D) 24 Kenny Marchant (R) 25 Lloyd Doggett (D) 26 Michael C. Burgess (R) 27 Solomon P. Ortiz (D) 28 Henry Cuellar (D) 29 Gene Green (D) 30 Eddie Bernice Johnson (D) 31 John R. Carter (R) 32 Pete Sessions (R) UTAH 1 Rob Bishop (R) 2 James D. Matheson (D)
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3 Chris Cannon (R) VERMONT 1 Peter Welch (D) VIRGINIA 1 Jo Ann Davis (R) 1 Robert Wittman (R) 12/07 2 Thelma D. Drake (R) 3 Robert C. Scott (D) 4 J. Randy Forbes (R) 5 Virgil H. Goode Jr. (R) 6 Bob Goodlatte (R) 7 Eric I. Cantor (R) 8 James P. Moran (D) 9 Rick Boucher (D) 10 Frank R. Wolf (R) 11 Thomas M. Davis (R) WASHINGTON 1 Jay Inslee (D) 2 Richard R. Larsen (D) 3 Brian Baird (D) 4 Doc Hastings (R) 5 Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R) 6 Norman D. Dicks (D) 7 Jim McDermott (D) 8 Dave Reichert (R) 9 Adam Smith (D) WEST VIRGINIA 1 Alan B. Mollohan (D) 2 Shelley Moore Capito (R) 3 Nick J. Rahall II (D) WISCONSIN 1 Paul D. Ryan (R) 2 Tammy Baldwin (D) 3 Ron Kind (D) 4 Gwen S. Moore (D) 5 F. James Sensenbrenner Jr. (R) 6 Thomas E. Petri (R) 7 David R. Obey (D) 8 Steve Kagen (D) WYOMING AL Barbara Cubin (R)
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Notes
Notes
House House
12
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