DEPARTMEN' OF MINERALS AND ENERGY
MUM OF MHU NMUNC MI 8 ECD PHYSME ,
000601 Record 1973/26
BMR STRATIGRAPHIC DRILLING IN THE NekINICANI3A AND LENNA1RD RIVER 1:250 000 SHEET AREAS, WESTERN AUSTRALIA, 1972
by E.C. Druce and B.M. Radke
BMR Reco rd 1973/26
c.3
The information contained in this report has been obtained by the Department of Minerals and Energy as part of the policy of the Commonwealth Government to assist in the exploration and development of rineral resources. It may not be published in any form or used in a company prospectus or statement Nithout the permission in writing of the Director, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.
Record 1973/26
BMR STRATIGRAPHIC DRILLING IN THE NOONKANBAH AND LENNARD RIVER 1:250 000 SHEET AREAS, WESTERN AUSTRALIA, 1972
by E.C. Druce and B.M. Radice
CONTENTS. Page SUMMARY INTRODUCTION AND GEOLOGY ^
1
PYrnRn OF HOLES DRILLED^
2
PRELIMINARY RESULTS^
4
REFERENCES^
5
TABLES Table 1 - Summary of drilling
^
6 ^ Table 2 - Abbreviations used on lithological logs 8 FIGURES Figure 1 - Regional geology, Fitzroy Crossing area 2 - Possible age relationships of strata drilled 3, 4 - Locations of BMR stratigraphic drill holes 5 - Symbols used on lithological logs PLATES Lithological and Wire-line logs. 1 BMR Noonkanbah No. 1 2 MAR Noonkanbah No. 1 (continued) 3 BMR Noonkanbah No. 4 4 BMR Noonkanbah No. 5 5 BMR Lennard River No. 1 6 BMR Lennard River No. 2
Lv
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
SUMMARY Five shallow stratigraphic holes drilled on the Lennard Shelf of the Canning Basin during 1972 penetrated sections in the Middle to Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous rocks. Three of the holes, south of Oscar Ran.ge, were continuously cored to an average depth of 67 m; they penetrated quartz sandstone, mudstone, limestone, and dolomite - the shallow-water facies of the Carboniferous Laurel Formation. At two of the sites, it is yet to be shown if the drilling reached the underlying Devonian Fairfield Beds, but in BMR Lennard River 1, the possible contact between the two units is faulted. The stratigraphic relation between these Carboniferous and Devonian rocks is presently being studied in detail. At Bugle Gap, two holes were drilled with 3-m cores taken at 30-m intervals. One of the holes, 69 m deep, showed Wade Knoll to be a narrowbased pinnacle reef. In the other,the entire· section (155 m) conSisted of calcareous mudstone and interlaminated limestone of the Devonian interreef Gogo Formation.
INTRODUCTION AND GEOLOGY
The West Canning Basin Field Party operated in the Lennard Shelf area of the Canning Basin from May to September 1972. This report records the results of drilling undertaken from 10 June to 15 August in the Fitzroy Crossing area (Fig. 1). The Canning Basin 2 situated in the north of Western Australia has an area of about 455 000 km (175 000 sq miles). Deposition began in the Ordovician and continued intermittently into the Tertiary. The Lennard Shelf forms the northwest margin of the basin where Ordovician deposits of the Prices Creek Group are overlain by middle(?) and late Devonian carbonates which form a reef complex (Playford & Lowry, 1966). Playford and Lowry subdivide the complex into four 'facies' based on a reconstruction of the original physiography; they recognize back-reef, reef, fore-reef, and inter-reef facies in a sequence from shallow to deeper water. Towards the end of the Devonian, reef growth ceased and the basin filled with interbedded mud, sand, and carbonate sediments, which now form the Fairfield Formation (Playford & Lowry, 1966) of late Upper Devonian to early Lower Carboniferous age (Thomas, 1960). The drilling (Fig. 2) was designed to help in the understanding of two facets of the Devonian-Carboniferous geology of the Lennard Shelf. Firstly by, in order to test the assumption based on the presence only of Stringocephalus (Veevers, 1959) that the inception of reef growth was in the late Middle Devonian, the BMR Noonkanbah 1 and 5 holes (Fig. 3) were spudded at two locations so as to penetrate the flat-lying early Frasnian (Upper Devonian) Gogo Formation and Middle Devonian rocks of the inter-reef facies. Unlike the reef and back-reef facies, the inter-reef and fore-reef facies commonly yield diagnostic conodont assemblages which can be used in correlation problems of this type. Secondly, three holes (Fig. 4), were drilled in the Fairfield Formation (as defined by Playford & Lowry, 1966) to investigate the existence of two distinct components: the Carboniferous Laurel Formation as defined by Thomas (1957), and the Upper Devonian Fairfield Beds of Guppy, Lindner, Rattigan & Casey (1958). Investigation of the nature and relations of these units has been hindered in the past by lack of outcrop. The effect of drilling was to provide a link between the oldest known Carboniferous rocks and subsurface equivalents of nearby outcropping Devonian rocks, and hence to reveal the nature of the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in the Canning Basin.
-2-
I
Added to this, it was hoped that information from these three holes in the Fairfield Formation would permit a more precise determination of the time and reason for the cessation of reef growth. In some areas, such as the western end of the Oscar Range, the Fairfield Formation interfingers with rocks of the back-reef facies of the Pillara Limestone. In the Horseshoe Range, however, the Fairfield Formation conformably overlies the Pillara Limestone. RECORD OF HOLES DRILLED
The holes were named after the 1:250 000 Sheet areas. Thus, BMR Noonkanbah 5 was the fifth hole drilled by BMR on the Noonkanbah Sheet.
1
Lennard River 1, 2 and Noonkanbah 4 were all continuously cored to total depth. Noonkanbah 1 and 5 were cored at approximately 30-m intervals. S.P., gamma-ray, and resistivity logs were run on all holes using a portable "Geo-Logger". Details of the drilling are shown in Table 1.
1
A Mayhew 1000 rig of the Petroleum Technology Section (BMR) was used under the charge of L. Keast (driller). This rig was equipped with approximately 200 m of drill pipe, a 3 m core barrel, and equipment for drilling with mud. The cores and cuttings from all holes were quartered: one half is to be used to destruction for palaeontological, geochemical, and petrological studies; one quarter is being stored at the BMR Core and Cuttings Laboratory, Fyshwick, A.C.T., and the other quarter is now at the Geological Survey of Western Australia.
1
Cores and cuttings from each hole were described in the field. Following re-examination of the cores in Canberra, lithological and wireline logs were prepared (Plates 1 to 6). The symbols and abbreviations used on these plates are tabulated in Figure 5 and Table 2. The whole of each core was photographed in colour; the prints and negatives are held at BMR. The core intervals that were photographed, are indicated on the plates.
-3Description of holes
BMR NOONKANBAH 1 Pnciti nn
Near Sadler Ridge and Longs Well Creek. Noonkanbah SE/51-12; 18 ° 34'13"S, 125 ° 58'16"E (Fig. 3).
Objectives:
To penetrate the flat-lying, inter-reef Gogo Formation to determine when growth of the reef complex started.
Drilling:
The hole reached a T.D. of 155.4 m, all Gogo Fm. Five cores were cut at approximately 30-m intervals.
Geologists:
G. Young (BMR), J. Backhouse (GSWA), B. Radke (BMR)
BMR NOONKANBAH 4 Position:
On track to Old Oscar Homestead about 5 km WNW of Oscar Hill. Noonkanbah SE/51-12; 18 ° 04'30"S, 125 ° 25'00"E (Fig. 4).
Objectives:
To penetrate the sequence between the oldest outcrops of Carboniferous and the shallow-dipping Devonian sequence exposed at Oscar Hill.
Drilling:
The upper 3.3 m was drilled; the remainder of the hole to T.D. 68.9 m was cored.
Geologists:^E.C. Druce and B. Ra.dke (BMR). BMR NOONKANBAH 5 Position:
By Wade Knoll. Noonkanbah SE/51-12; 18 °40 1 00"S, 125 ° 59'40"E (Fig. 3).
Objectives:
To determine whether Wade Knoll was a pinnacle reef with a greatly expanded base at depth, and to recover older inter-reef sediments.
Drilling:
Drilling was slow because fans of hard allochthonous reef material from the pinnacle reef are interbedded with shales. Although planned to 160 metres the hole was terminated at 68.6 metres. Three 3 -m cores were cut at approximately 30-m intervals.
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
-4-
Geologists:
G. Young (BMR), J. Backhouse (GSWA), B. Radke (BMR).
BMR LENNARD RIVER 1 Position:
At base of Thomas's (1957) Type Section I in the Laurel Formation, 3 km NW of Twelve Mile Bore, Lennard River BE/51-a, 17°55:00::S, 125(114~30!!E (Fig. 4).
Objectives:
To investigate the sequence immediately below Thomas's Laurel Formation type section and relate the exposures in the Twelve Mile Bore area with those near Oscar Hill (BMR Noonkanbah 4).
Drilling:
The major fault along the front of the Oscar Range was intersected at about 54 m. The upper 3 m was drilled; the remainder to T .D. 63.4 m was cored.
GeolOgists:
E.C. Druce (BMR), R.S. Nicoll (BMR), B.M. Radke (BMR).
BMR LENNARD RIVER 2 Position:
5 km S of Twelve Mile Bore, Lennard River SE/51-8; 17°57'45"S, 125°16'30"E (Fig. 4).
Objectives:
To investigate the concealed sequence above Thomas's Section II of the Laurel Formation.
Drilling:
12.5 m of the upper 14.0 m was drilled in Grant Formation. The remainder of the hole to T.D. 68.9 was cored in the Laurel Formation.
Geologists:
E.C. Druce (BMR), R.S. Nicoll (BMR), B.M. Radke (BMR).
PRELIMINARY RESULTS Inter-reef sediments (155.4 m) were penetrated in BMR Noonkanbah 1; they underlie rocks assigned to the earliest Upper Devonian conodont zone. This thickness of inter-reef sediments suggests that reef growth took place in the Middle Devonian, but an absolute age for the earliest development of the reef could not be determined because the hole did not reach basement. BMR Noonkanbah 5 was spudded in earliest Upper Devonian sediments and demonstrated that Wade Knoll was a narrow-based pinnacle reef which shed allochthonous reef material into the surrounding inter-reef sediments. Because the beds of allochthonous material are extremely hard, drilling was slow and the second objective, to recover older inter-reef rocks, was not aChieved.
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
-5The holes in the Fairfield Formation (sensu Playford & Lowry, 1966) provided a more complete picture of the basal Carboniferous sequence. BMR Noonkanbah 4 connected the basal part of the Laurel Formation with the uppermost rocks of the Devonian; BMR Lennard River 1 recovered the sequence of the Laurel Formation between the base of Type Section I (of Thomas, 1957) and the horizon at which BMR Noonkanbah 4 was spudded (Fig. 4); BMR Lennard River 2 penetrated rocks younger than any exposed LI1 Type Section II (the upper part of the Laurel type section of Thomas, 1957). Petrological, palaeontological, and geochemical work is continuing and results will be published in the BMR Report and Bulletin Series. REFERENCES GUPPY, D.J., LINDNER, A.W., RATTIGAN, J .H., & CASEY, JoN., 1958 The geology of the Fitzroy BaSin, Western Australia. Bur. Miner. Resour Aust. Bull.; 36. PLAYFORD, P.E., & LOWRY, D.C., 1966 - Devonian reef complexes of the Canning BaSin, Western Australia. Geol. Surv. West. Aust. Bull., 118. THOMAS, G.A., 1957 - Lower Carboniferous deposits in the Fitzroy BaSin, Western Australia. Aust. J. Sci., 19, 160-161. THOMAS, G.A., 1960 - The Lower Carboniferous Laurel Formation of the Fitzroy Basin. Bur. Miner. Resour. Aust. Rep., 38, 21-36. VEEVERS, J .J ., 1959 - Devonian brachiopods from the Fitzroy Basin, Western Australia. Bur. Miner. Resour. Aust. Bull., 45.
0
--------------------6-
TABLE 1 Summary of Drilling Hole & Number
Core Numbers
Results
Core Recovery Actual %
Latitude (South)
Longitude (East)
Total Depth (m)
Drilling (m)
BMR NOONKANBAH 1
18°34'13.5"
125°58'16"
155.4
138.6
3.05 3.05 3.05 1.53 3.05 3.05
1 2 3 4 5 6
2.23 3.05 3.05 1.53 2.98 2.37
73 100 100 100 97 78
0.0-155.4 Light grey mudstone with thin bands of limestone of Gogo Formation
BMR NOONKANBAH 4
18°04'30'
125°25'00"
68.9
3.3
2.13 3.05 0.92 2.82 3.05 3.05 3.05 1. 75 2.90 0.30 3.05 2.90 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 1.53 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 1.53
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
100 60 84 62 99 100 100 97 100 100 99 100 100 70 85 12 100 80 100 66 100 88 96 25 100
0.0-36.5
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
2.13 1.83 0.77 1.75 3.01 3.05 3.05 1.70 2.90 0.30 3.02 2.90 3.05 2.13 2.60 0.38 1.53 2.44 3.05 2.02 3.05 2.68 2.92 0.76 1.53
Coring (m)
11
12 13 14
lnterbedded micrite and stitstone; thin beds of red-green mottled sandstone.
36.5-68.9 Sandstone and stitstones
BMR NOONKANBAH 5
18°40'00"
15 °59'40"
68.6
59.74
2.75 3.05 3.05
1 2 3
2.65 3.05 3.05
96 100 100
0.0-68.6
lnterbedded yellow to brown calcareous mudstone and hard grey limestone.
BMR LENNARD RIVER 1
17°55'00"
125°14'30"
63.4
3.05
1.38 1.68 3.05
1 2 3
1.36 1.51 2.60
98 90 85
0.0-21.8
lnterbedded limestone and thick red sandstone
3.05 1.83 2.57 3.05 2.13 1.00 0.30 2.60 2.00 3.05 2.60 2.90 3.05
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2.10 1.30 0.89 2.85 1.31 1.00 0.30 2.33 2.00 2.75 2.44 2.80 3.05
66
21.8-50.0 Siltstone with interbedded sandstone and thin dolomitic limestone.
11
12 13
14 15 16
71
35 93 62 100 100 90 100 90 94 97 100
50.0-63.4 Micrites with interbedded sandstone and green shale.
--------------------7Table 1 (Contd) Hole & Number
Latitude (South)
Longitude (East)
Total Depth (m)
Drilling (m)
BMR LENNARD RIVER 1 (Contd)
BMR LENNARD RIVER 2
17°57'45"
125°16'30"
68.9
12.5
Coring (m)
Core Numbers
Core Recovery (m) %
1.53 2.75 2.39 3.05 1.06 3.05 1.83 1.37 3.05 2.44 1.53
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
1.25 2.75 0.91 2.80 0.82 3.05 1.78 1.30 2.76 2.18 1.22
100 97 95 90 90 80
1.52 1.52 2.74 3.05 2.59 2.89 1.67 2.89 2.27 2.89 2.74 3.05 3.05 3.05 1.83 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 0.38
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0.91 1.48 2.20 2.37 1.95 1.68 1.61 2.14 2.27 2.14 2.74 3.02 2.93 2.68 1.83 3.00 3.05 3.00 3.00 3.05 2.98 0.38
60 97 80 78 75 58 96 74 100 74 100 99 96 88 100 98 100 98 98 100 97 100
11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Results
82 100 38 92 77
0.0-13.6
Grant Fm. Red sandstone conglomerate. 13.6-68.9 Laurel Fm. Alternating grey-brown limestone and shale with coquinite lenses.
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
-8-
TABLE 2 Abbreviations used on lithological logs GRAINSIZE OF SANDSTONES
o
vf
very fine
(0.06 - 0.12 mm)
f
fine
(0.12 - 0025 mm)
m
medium
(0.25 - 0.5 mm)
c
coarse
(0.5 - 1.0 mm)
vc
very coarse
(0.1
granular
(2.0 - 4.0 mm)
, gr
- 2.0 mm)
OTHER ABBREVIATIONS c
-
with
fe
ferruginous
fr
friable
fs
fissile *
hd
hard*
1st
limestone
mot
mottled
po
porous*
py
pyrite
s
soft *
slk
slickenslides
sty
stylolites
un cons unconsolidated vug
vuggy
* qualitative evaluation of these properties ( ) means poor, weakly developed, or rare _
underlining means good, well developed, or abundant
1I
-9TABLE 2 (Contd) COLOURS
•
bk^black blsh bluish br brown brsh brownish dk^dark dsky dusky gy^grey gysh greyish gn^green gnsh greenish 1^light medium mod moderate ol^olive or^orange pale pk^pink pksh pinkish red rsh^reddish very wh^white yellow ysh^yellowish determination of a wet surface determination of a dry surface Colour determinations were made by visual comparison with the Rock Color Chart (Geol. Soc. of Amer.).
^ ^
Figure I REGIONAL GEOLOGY FITZROY CROSSING AREA LOCALITY MAP
• \\\ ber^ix\,^\\
Conning basin k
^el\ \^ \ 2204^\ k. \\*4■ \ ,
- r
4
\ ,
\q,4 ,^, \ \‘,^ , \,\ N , \,\^• ^, , \^\ 4.., .. 1^
\
.^.^.
Western Australia
\1\ .
\ (.i c \\ •\\-,\\\\\\\\-\;....\\\---
I Figure 2^\\\..1\.1\\4\ .\\ ,\, \\ \,\\ \ k4.1■4/0 \ %\ \ \ %\ \\ \\, \\ \\ \\I 1,--.^ \\ \\\\‘\■^ \,\\\\\\\\\ \ \\\ \\ \\ \ A ..1.4.4.\...^\ \ \\\\\\,\\:\r. \ \ \ \ V
^Laur&I Downs ^\s
6,.....,\\-\\\\\\\\\\\\\\‘‘. °.).‘ \ \^s4c ,^%^,^, o^ ks,...1 \^0
.
'',..
\^% \ X \ V .
\ \\\ \ \ \\\ \\ \ \\ '\ \\\\\^k^ ^L .Carb.- U. Dev.^ ,.\\•t1 \\ \\ \ Fairfield Formation^
UndifferWiated conglorwrotes
FITZROY CROSSIN
Dev. congbalecales Reef and 1ia(krl Fades
Gcgo •
Fore-Reef and intcr-Pee.' Facies Ordovician ,'ormations 000.0 000 0 000•( 000 • 0 0000( 0000 000 000 000 0
f'recombriar. basement
^
geological boundary- occwate
°
/8 30'
oaroximate fault telegraph /me
•Figure. 3.^.
I
highway
. 0 0..0C . 0000 000 (
•
homestead
Scale
0^10^20km a^•^•^i
To accon,pc;•ni
Recad 1973/26
3
Figure .2 POSSIBLE AGE RELATIONSHIPS OF STRATA DRILLED
to
I Tournaisian
good outcrop
n^0 II^ 1?11 LJ^
I;nennian
n ?
II
I? I I a di
fraSnian
M IDDLE DEVON IAN
II^II II^II VI^II
^
LOCATIONS OF BMR STRATIGRAPHIC DRILLHOLES
Figure 3 •
Quaternary superficial deposits Grant Formatior,
Permian
Virgin Hills Formafion rO u 01 0 0 0 0 0
00 0 0, ,0 OP
Bobs Bore Conglomerate Wincyana Limestone
et •••^"
Devonian
A//arc Lime: tone .
Sadler Limestone Gogo Formation
A I: 7%7
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. .
/7^
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10
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.7 /
.7.7//7%// 47. / .7
7 .7/ /7 7 /
477%/
z / z/ z/
z zz
/477 .7
z zz zr zz/z .......,,,
71 ( ,
, / ,,4N00 , ,N,K,A,
// /
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(
Ni B' A' W 8.^ O:e ll'TI 6K Nc .^,^oll' .,' / .
..:.3 y".7 .Ne /7.".7 .7 7.7 .7 /.7
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////////,qA,././././////,
9/X //
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:
T
//////// < ^ / \ r // /////// '- Z' /' ///////////////// / ///////////////////// X///
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Amp fed from Ploytord 13 Lowry (1966)
geolouical boundary - accurate a/proximate
d strike of bedding ontrio wth.p indaj
fault
sfrotigraphic hole
track 4 km !
To creorrpony Record /973/26
E5//A //5
Figure 5 SYMBOLS USED ON LITHOLOGICAL LOGS Lilhologies
conglcynerette Bedding Structures
sandstore
1=-2_
Sth
mudstrzie
mai/in^- 30 cms.
shale =MIMEO
1=11111
MIMI=
MINIMUM
1><1
^
siistone
(30 - /00 cdris
/ /0 crns.
limeskrie
laminaled^/ an
dolomite no core
inferbeds =-^shale inkrbecis limestone
cakareous
dolomitic A^breccia
• )
crossheddecl cross/am/ix/co' cAstun5ed beddng uncle/lose ^scour end fil A3e. erosion solace knsolda/
soluhOn cavities sandy
Sampling_ _qeocheinkal sam,ok 41111^geochenyea/ sample and Ai%) sechön FOSS IS
a
Inacrofossils
Photography_
gash-I:rads
pelecypads
co/our
brachirrods osiracods c.r/hok/ 6-agments
black and While
^encras 74%75 a/gae /ANCAN
tabulate corals Cish fragmen To occomporv Recte /973/ 26 .
^
E51/A /17
PLATE· I
BMR NOONKANBAH No.1 TO. 155·4 metres
S.P.
Resishvi ry 51l Gomma.Ray
SOmv.
T-2 R-IOO
i hi 9,Y.
m.xiSton.. •
j.r,tA'~
Md d,f r .
} sIt!J'1'lly c alct.~s
'10
5
9-".
mudslon .. • ,. 61 9:1. Md dk Jl'n"t;h/1!. ~ II
cltlc~S
20
c
a/""",,,-
30
10
s~
01'
10
f
/ Sy "3nO~
J"lJ/~d /I""'~5Ir:v7e
40 h'hIdslon~
15
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II' C lilt:
,.y~'Y (1~.
rsh gy.
/tIJ'eovS
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15 50
I
60
20
;
1
~~ 1= I
(h)
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('I~/OU'
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mvdslt:w?l!s,
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20 "'t/o51on~
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70
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;:
~-~
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dS
90
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S""'
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,7"sl, 9'y
V. Cltl'br~OV5
30
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as ab
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35
3:1
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---= 40
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----=
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150
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160
50r---~-----+----------~
50
ITO
55
55
180
190
60r---~----~--------~
60
zoo
65
6S
210 COI(L'.3 (215' 22.5
I
4
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ror---~r----+~--------~
ro
1= ... 1= ~
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To accompany Reccrd 1973/26
E 51/A/ 18
BMR NOONKANBAH No.1
PLATE 2
(contd.)
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